Due to the staggered entry of subjects in phase I trials, some subjects will only be partially through the study when others are ready to be enrolled. Nonetheless, many phase I designs focus solely upon whether or not subjects experience toxicity, thereby determining the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) with a binomial likelihood using data from fully observed subjects. The time-to-event continual ...

BACKGROUND Radiation exposure can lead to detrimental effects in skin microcirculation. The precise relationship between radiation dose received and its effect on cutaneous perfusion still remains controversial. Previously, we have shown that hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is able to demonstrate long-term reductions in cutaneous perfusion secondary to chronic microvascular injury. This study chara...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to measure the patient entrance skin dose (ESD) during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO), and assess the factors that affect it. METHODS AND RESULTS Radiosensitive indicators were used to measure ESDs during 23 procedures. Multiple regression analysis identified the strength of the linear relationship of the depende...

We have determined action spectra for transformation of human embryonic skin and muscle fibroblasts to anchorage-independent growth. Tests under our experimental conditions indicate that reciprocity holds for photon rate and exposure time and that all the dose-effect curves in the wavelength range of 248 to 297 nm are smaller. These data can be used to construct action spectra with a maximum at...

Radiation dermatitis during radiotherapy is correlated with skin dose and is a common clinical problem for head and neck and thoracic cancer patients. Therefore, accurate prediction of skin dose during treatment planning is clinically important. The objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of skin dose calculated by a commercial treatment planning system (TPS). We evaluated the accur...

BACKGROUND This study was established to determine the maximum tolerated dose of intra-arterial cisplatin (IAC) concurrent with accelerated fractionation radiotherapy for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS We conducted a phase I study. Treatment consisted of 70 Gy/35 fractions/5.8 weeks and 2 weekly IAC infusions during the last 2 weeks. RESULTS Ten pati...

We consider a sequence of three models for skin detection built from a large collection of labelled images. Each model is a maximum entropy model with respect to constraints concerning marginal distributions. Our models are nested. The first model, called the baseline model is well known from practitioners. Pixels are considered as independent. Performance, measured by the ROC curve on the Comp...

background : limited studies are available on the calculation of radiation exposure and its associated risks for people in contact with patients who have been treated with permanent prostate brachytherapy. in this study the changes in the radiation exposure were calculated in different stages of the bladder fullness in prostate seed brachytherapy. methods :magnetic resonance images of three pat...

PURPOSE AQ4N is a novel prodrug that is selectively bioreduced to AQ4, a topoisomerase II inhibitor, in hypoxic tumor. This study assessed the maximum tolerated dose and pharmacokinetics of AQ4N when administered weekly in patients with advanced cancers. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN AQ4N was administered as a 30-minute i.v. infusion on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle in eight dose cohorts ranging ...