Testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are required to obtain full reproductive potential. In the testis, somatic Sertoli cells transduce signals from testosterone and FSH into the production of factors that are required by germ cells as they mature into spermatozoa. Recent advances in identifying new signaling pathways that are regulated by FSH and testosterone have allowed for re...

The size of mature oocytes is similar across mammalian species, yet the size of ovarian follicles increases with species size, with some ovarian follicles reaching diameters>1000-fold the size of the enclosed oocyte. Here we show that the different follicular sizes can be explained with diffusion-based limitations on the thickness of the hormone-secreting granulosa layer. By analysing published...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether animal age impacts in vitro preantral follicle growth. Effects of hCG, stem cell factor (SCF), and/or insulin-like growth factor (IGF) supplementation in growth medium were also investigated. METHODS Intact preantral follicles were mechanically isolated from fresh ovaries of BDF1 mice and cultured in growth medium for 9 to 11 days. Surviving follicles with antru...

in vitro fertilization (IVF) is one of the most highly pursued assisted reproductive technologies (ART) worldwide. IVF procedure is divided into four stages: Superovulation, Egg-retrieval, Insemination/Fertilization and Embryo transfer. Among these superovulation is the most crucial stage since it involves external injection of hormones to stimulate development and maturation of multiple follic...

A classification of chronic (mature) B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders based on reproducible morphologic and immunologic criteria was proposed by the FAB group in 1989. Ever since a number of cytogenetic studies disclosed a remarkable degree of heterogeneity within each disease category. In this table the main cytogenetic entities of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and related disorders, B-cell...

The influence of level of nutrition during pre-natal and early post-natal life on adult body weight a.nd wool growth has been studied. Low levels of nutrition during pre-natal life were associated with reductions in mature body weight (c. 9 per cent.) fleece growth (c. 15 per cent.) and total number of follicles per sheep (c. 8.5 per cent.). Low levels of intake between birth and 16 weeks resul...

An electron microscopic study of the vitelline follicles of Metamicrocotyla macracantha (Alexander, 1954) Koratha,1955 showed that they are composed of cells in different stages of development. The immature cells have a large nucleus, nucleolus, cytoplasm with free ribosomes and few mitochondria. The developing vitelline cells present granules which are small in the early stages, increasing wit...

objective: in vitro ovarian follicle culture provides a tool to investigate folliculogenesis and may be used as an assisted reproductive technology )art(. this study aims to compare survival and development rates in mouse ovarian follicles after two and three dimensional in vitro cultures. methods: preantral follicles were isolated from the ovaries of 14-day old female mice and cultured in α-m...

Organ regeneration is becoming a promising choice for many patients; however, many details about the mechanisms underlying organ regeneration remain unknown. As regenerative organs, hair follicles offer a good model to study the mechanisms associated with regenerative medicine. The relevant studies have mainly focused on donor cells, and there are no systematic studies involving the effect of h...

BACKGROUND/AIM In the colorectum, lymphoid follicles hyperplasia (LH) is sometimes observed as small, round, yellowish-white nodules. The novel image-enhanced endoscopy system named blue laser imaging (BLI) provides enhanced the contrast of surface vessels using lasers for light illumination. We investigated the endoscopic features of LH observed by using BLI endoscopy and its association with ...