We cloned the pheromone precursor genes of Podospora anserina in order to elucidate their role in the biology of this fungus. The mfp gene encodes a 24-amino-acid polypeptide finished by the CAAX motif, characteristic of fungal lipopeptide pheromone precursors similar to the a-factor precursor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mfm gene encodes a 221-amino-acid polypeptide, which is related to th...

BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with complex pathogenic pathways involving defects in apoptosis mechanisms. Recently, mesenteric adipose tissue (MAT) has been associated with CD ethiopathology, since adipose thickening is detected close to the affected intestinal area. However, the potential role of altered apoptosis in MAT of CD has not been addressed. AIMS To evaluate apoptosi...

The purpose of this review is to characterize the preoperative assessment of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) candidates, to detail MAT surgical techniques, and to evaluate current clinical outcome data on MAT. The MAT candidate is typically less than 50 years old and has a history of knee injury, previous meniscus surgery, and persistent pain. Physical exam generally reveals knee pain ...

In solfataric fields in southwestern Iceland, neutral and sulfide-rich hot springs are characterized by thick bacterial mats at 60 to 80 degrees C that are white or yellow from precipitated sulfur (sulfur mats). In low-sulfide hot springs in the same area, grey or pink streamers are formed at 80 to 90 degrees C, and a Chloroflexus mat is formed at 65 to 70 degrees C. We have studied the microbi...

Incompatibility systems in which individuals bearing identical alleles reject each other favor the maintenance of a diversity of alleles. Mushroom mating type loci (MAT) encode for dozens or hundreds of incompatibility alleles whose loss from the population is greatly restricted through negative frequency selection, leading to a system of alleles with highly divergent sequences. Here, we use DN...

------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT---------------------------------------------------Foundation and retaining wall failures account for the highest case of structural failures. This is a report on a study of underpinning methods used in the construction industry in Nigeria. In view of the fact that underpinning, just like most engineering decisions, there is no uniqu...

Highly plastic clays are generally regarded as very impermeable materials. However, it is well known that desiccation cracks, inherent fissuring, increase the in-situ apparent permeability inside active zone. The paper presents long-term measurements of matric suction and moisture sensors installed under a mat foundation, on shaft bored piles, at free field in expansive marls area Nicosia, Cypr...