Abstract. We compare the mass budget of Arctic sea ice for 15 models submitted to latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6), using new diagnostics that have not been available previous model inter-comparisons. These allow us look beyond standard metrics cover and thickness processes growth loss in climate a more detailed way than has previously possible. For 1960–1989 multi-model mea...

an indirect tarns-log production function was employed to estimate the demand functions for such inputs as: fertilizer, seed, pesticide, water recourse and machinery as subject to budget constraint and while using data related to cotton producers in the three provinces of north khorasan, khorasane razavi, and south khorasan in 2007-8. lagrange coefficients with relation to cotton producers in t...

We summarize our recent progress in investigating the role of magnetic reconnection in solar eruptive events consisting of flares, Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), and/or Magnetic Clouds (MCs). The rate and total flux of magnetic reconnection in low-corona are inferred from flare observations and compared with kinematic properties and magnetic flux budget of erupting flux ropes. The results and t...

The third world countries spend 30-40% of their total health budget on drugs, some of which are useless and expensive and double their expenditure every 4 years, while, GNP (gross national product) doubles only every 16 years. 15 That’s why now the individual concerns for potency or cost of treatment, and even more precisely, efficacy or safety of a drug is being rationalized as overall risk-be...

Factors Affecting Non-Personnel Budget Allotment at the Ministry of Education A. Ansari, Ph.D.  Budget allotment to the non-personnel expenditures at the Ministry of Education (MOE) affects the quality of educational services that are rendered by this Ministry. According to Wagner's perspective, budget allotment should be proportional to the GNP and the increase in student popula...

Make more knowledge even in less time every day. You may not always spend your time and money to go abroad and get the experience and knowledge by yourself. Reading is a good alternative to do in getting this desirable knowledge and experience. You may gain many things from experiencing directly, but of course it will spend much money. So here, by reading mass notification and crisis communicat...

We report a new method for introducing metal atoms into silicon wafers, using negligible thermal budget. Molecular thin films are irradiated with ultra-violet light releasing metal species into the semiconductor substrate. Secondary ion mass spectrometry and x-ray absorption spectroscopy show that Mn is incorporated into Si as an interstitial dopant. We propose that our method can form the basi...