The redistribution of carbon after tempering of a novel nanocrystalline bainitic steel consisting of a mixture of supersaturated ferrite and retained austenite has been analyzed by atom probe tomography. No direct evidence supporting the additional carbon enrichment of austenite beyond that initially achieved during the bainite heat treatment was obtained during subsequent tempering of this hig...

Steels with a mixed microstructure of allotriomorphic ferrite, bainitic ferrite, retained austenite and martensite have potentially good combinations of high strength and formability. This work describes a kinetic theory for the formation of bainite in steels where the precipitation of carbides is suppressed. The theory is based on the mechanism of transformation. It includes, for example, a nu...

Softening frequently occurs in dual-phase steels under isothermal tempering of martensite. Recently, non-isothermal tempering is implemented to decrease the softening process in dualphase steels. Here, we have discovered using high power electropulsing treatment can significantly enhance the strengthening effects via the formation of ultrafine-grained ferrite with nano-cementite particles in te...

Related Articles High cyclic stability of the elastocaloric effect in sputtered TiNiCu shape memory films Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 091903 (2012) Deformation induced martensite in NiTi and its shape memory effects generated by low temperature laser shock peening J. Appl. Phys. 112, 033515 (2012) Martensitic transformation and magnetic domains in Mn50Ni40Sn10 studied by in-situ transmission electro...

available online at http://meteoritics.org 553 © The Meteoritical Society, 2006. Printed in USA. The formation of plessite in meteoritic metal J. I. GOLDSTEIN1* and J. R. MICHAEL2 1Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 313 Engineering Lab, University of Massachusetts, 160 Governors Drive, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA 2Materials Characterization Department, Sandia National La...

in this research, effect of the number of nodular graphite particles, as an important characteristic of ductile cast irons, on the distribution of martensite in dual-phase ductile iron has been studied. ductile iron samples were produced by step casting and the samples were then annealed in order to achieve a fully ferritic structure. a special heat treatment was conducted to produce dual matri...

The effects of the Cr and Sn addition concentrations on cold–workability, phase constituents, mechanical properties, shape memory effect (SME), superelasticity were investigated. A systematic screening ?–Ti alloy, which was slight–alloyed by Sn, executed in this work. Cold–workability Ti–Cr–Sn alloys greatly promoted along with increasing concentration Sn. parent ?–phase successfully stabilized...

High-speed actuators are greatly required in this decade due to the fast development of future technologies, such as Internet-of-Things (IoT) and robots. The ferromagnetic shape memory alloys (FSMAs), whose change could be driven by applying an external magnetic field, possess a rapid response. Hence, these materials considered promising candidates for applications technologies. Among FSMAs, Ni...

Superelastic NiTi (51.0 at.% Ni) specimens reinforced with 0, 10 and 20 vol.% TiC particles were deformed under uniaxial compression while neutron diffraction spectra were collected. The experiments yielded in-situ measurements of the thermoelastic stress-induced transformation. The evolution of austenite/martensite phase fractions and of elastic strains in the reinforcing TiC particles and the...

Depending on the starting equilibrium temperature, the application of a magnetic field on a sample of Ni–Mn–Sn produces sample heating or cooling during adiabatic experiments. The competition between endothermal and exothermal effects is observed close to the martensite-to-austenite magnetostructural phase transition. A model assuming the coexistence of two phases and a field dependence of thei...