Although many cylindrical animals swim through water, flying snakes of the genus Chrysopelea are the only limbless animals that glide through air. Despite a lack of limbs, these snakes can actively launch by jumping, maintain a stable glide path without obvious control surfaces, maneuver, and safely land without injury. Jumping takeoffs employ vertically looped kinematics that seem to be differ...

Abstract Background This randomized clinical trial aimed to compare the preparation time and severity of postoperative pain between HyFlex Electric Discharge Machine (EDM) glide path file (GPF) PathFile. Methods Eighty patients whose molar teeth had at least one severely curved canal were treated by same specialist. After access cavity preparation, randomly assigned receive enlargement with eit...

The study compared changes to canal curvature and incidence of canal aberrations after preflaring with hand K-files or with nickel-titanium rotary PathFile in S-shape Endo Training Blocks. The influence of the operator's expertise was also investigated. One hundred training blocks were colored with ink, and preinstrumentation images were acquired digitally. Preflaring was performed by an endodo...

prepared when shaping files have a reproducible and sufficiently-sized pathway to follow. The secret to shaping success is glide path management (GPM), which may be thought of as procedures directed toward "securing" canals. Any portion of any canal is termed secured when a small-sized flexible hand file can reproducibly slip, slide, and glide through a catheterized canal.1 Similar to a cardiac...

We analyze the trajectory perturbations that result in phugoid oscillations during the grazing planetary entry of space vehicles starting with near-circular speed, in ballistic and equilibrium glide modes. The equations for planar entry are transformed into a dimensionless system appropriate for an analytical integration that provides accurate results in comparison with those obtained from a nu...