The components of rock-forming and accessory minerals of the upper mantle, transition zone and lower mantle rocks have been involved into the processes of diamond genesis. Through their dissolving in primary carbonate melts, the mantle minerals have turned into components of the parental silicate-(±oxide)carbonate-carbon melts-solutions for diamonds and co-crystallized paragenetic minerals. The...

collagen, which is widely distributed in pluricellular animals, is one of the most fundamental constituents of the extracellular matrix, and plays mechanically or physiologically important roles in their bodies. in this study, the biochemical and physical characteristics of pepsin-solubilized collagen from the mantle of yesso scallop (ympc), a by-product of processing, was determined. electroph...

A fundamental challenge in modern mantle geochemistry is to link geochemical data with geological and geophysical observations. Most of the early geochemical models involved a layered mantle and the concept of geochemical reservoirs. Indeed, the two layer mantle model has been implicit in almost all geochemical literature and the provenance of oceanic island basalt (OIB) and mid-ocean ridge bas...

a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: mantle plume seismic tomography plume dynamics shear velocity Seismic detection of a mantle plume may resolve the debate about the origin of hotspots and the role of plumes in mantle convection. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that whole-mantle plumes exist below major hotspots, by quantitatively comparing physically plausible plume models with seismic imag...

We present tomographic evidence for the existence of deep-mantle thermal convection plumes. P-wave velocity images show at least six well-resolved plumes that extend into the lowermost mantle: Ascension, Azores, Canary, Easter, Samoa, and Tahiti. Other less well-resolved plumes, including Hawaii, may also reach the lowermost mantle. We also see several plumes that are mostly confined to the upp...

High-pressure experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrate that an iron-rich ferromagnesian silicate phase can be synthesized at the pressure-temperature conditions near the core-mantle boundary. The iron-rich phase is up to 20% denser than any known silicate at the core-mantle boundary. The high mean atomic number of the silicate greatly reduces the seismic velocity and provides an exp...

A 72-year-old woman presented with acute onset of double vision, bilateral complete blepharoptosis, and nearly complete ophthalmoplegia. Orbital and brain magnetic resonance imaging were normal. Further investigation revealed bicytopenia with hepatosplenomegaly. Liver biopsy revealed mantle cell lymphoma. Cytology later showed the presence of mantle cells in cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Her op...

[1] Super‐continental insulation refers to an increase in mantle temperature below a supercontinent due to the heat transfer inefficiency of thick, stagnant continental lithosphere relative to thinner, subducting oceanic lithosphere. We use thermal network theory, numerical simulations, and laboratory experiments to provide tighter physical insight into this process. We isolate two end‐member d...

The right to search for truth implies also a duty. One must not conceal any part of what one has discovered to be true. O verview The lithosphere clearly controls the location of volcanism. The nature and volume of the volcan-ism and the presence of 'melting anomalies' or 'hotspots,' however, reflect the intrinsic chemical and petrologic heterogeneity of the upper mantle. Melting anomalies-shal...