The paper presents the results of thermodynamic modeling process smelting a complex alloy from highly active elements Al-Mn-Ca-Si. Thermodynamic was carried out using universal program for calculating multicomponent heterogeneous systems Terra, which has its own base properties individual substances. Since preliminary calculation based on standard database showed that composition products diffe...

The role of biogenicity in the mineral world is larger than many might assume. Biological processes and physical chemical interact both at Earth’s surface far underground, leading to formation banded iron manganese deposits, among others. Microbial mats can form giant sedimentary ore which include enrichment further elements. This article reviews ways microbially-mediated contribute mineralizat...

The Paleoproterozoic Lagoa do Riacho manganese deposit in the Borborema Province is central to unravelling genesis of deposits, redox evolution and genetic relationship West African Craton. With contents averaging 35 wt%, unit lithologically subdivided into oxidized silicate ores a garnetite (garnet-rich rocks) subgroup. ore consists mainly pyrolusite, manganese-oxyhydroxide spessartine. has rh...

Optimization of manganese ore leaching process from North Central Timor, Indonesia has been investigated. The final product the was MnSO4. Variables that were optimized during volume H2O2, reaction temperature, and time. products characterized by FTIR, powder-XRD, XRF, AAS. Experimental data shows optimum conditions for 50 mL H2SO4 4 M, 25 H2O2 2 in which done at room temperature two hours. Thi...

Abstract Purpose The increasing volumes of mine tailings that are being generated globally because the rise in metal demand, whilst ore-grades continue to decline, call for novel sustainable management options. Phytoextraction using hyperaccumulator plant species may be one such strategies deal with these large contaminated materials. However, base metals (such as zinc, lead, copper) inherently...