urban management in any context has a different economic, social and political structure, which is in harmony with the existing models of organization. in spite of these differences, in order to reach a sustainable urban development, several different conferences should be referred to. in the “brundtland commission 1987” about urban sustainable development these definitions have been given: “pr...

introduction since 1938, a couple of decades before iranian's revelation, attention to villages and rural development as a part of developmental process in national scale and also in order to analyze social, political, and economical changes has been discussed as a vital part and acted a major part in development policies. however, this attention and dedication to the program are results o...

the study describes and evaluates inter-organizational communication and relationships involving rural development management of community lands within specific perimetros florestais in portugal. the research design is an exploratory research study approach that collected information with a mail questionnaire, interviews and information gleaned from community land association meetings and an in...

you cannot find any modern society without organizations. all societies need the organizations for achieving their diverse goals. modern professional organizations are doing many functions for their host societies such as: producing and distributing high quality products, provision of health, education, recreation and entertainment services, security and safety. the specialized organizations co...

Tourism in the third millennium has become one of the most thriving economic activities around the world, and many developmental planners and policymakers refer to tourism as the main pillar for sustainable development. Tourism is considered as one of the most complicated occupations in numerous countries worldwide and as a multi-aspect activity possessing various positive effects and utilizati...