identification of host blood meal in haematophagous arthropods is an important element in their rule in transmission of vector borne diseases. the effects of post ingestion and physical conditions that killed mosquitoes are stored on the success of detecting blood meal dna of anopheles stephensi and culex quinquefasiatus was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification at the h...

Considerable attention has recently been drawn at the global level to the serious threat to humans caused by new, emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Among the infectious vector-borne diseases, dengue, dengue haemorrhagic fever, yellow fever, plague, malaria, leishmaniasis, rodent-borne viruses and arboviruses are considered to be persisting, and sometimes re-emerging, with serious th...

s of studies carried out in Pakistan: A). The decreasing effectiveness of conventional malaria vector control methods has led to the re-emergence of environmental management as a possible alternate strategy for the reduction of mosquito vector breeding sites and health risks associated with them. The design and operation of irrigation systems can be modified to prevent the proliferation of mala...

T he genome sequence of Anopheles gambiae, the major mosquito vector of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, as well as analyses of its gene content and organization , are reported by several teams of investigators in this issue.* In addition, the sequence of the P. falciparum genome appears in this week's issue of Nature. The genomes of these two organisms, along with that of the human,...

Today, malaria prevention hinges upon two domestic interventions: insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor residual spraying. As mosquitoes grow resistant to these tools, however, novel approaches to vector control have become a priority area of malaria research and development. Spatial repellency, a volumetric mode of action that seeks to reduce disease transmission by creating an atmosphere in...

Climate has a significant impact on malaria incidence and we have predicted that forecast climate changes might cause some modifications to the present global distribution of malaria close to its present boundaries. However, it is quite another matter to attribute recent resurgences of malaria in the highlands of East Africa to climate change. Analyses of malaria time-series at such sites have ...

Impact of insecticide resistance in Anopheles arabiensis on effectiveness of malaria vector control in Sudan – Hmooda Kafy, National Malaria Control Programme, Sudan The objective of the trial was to assess the impact of insecticide resistance on the effectiveness of malaria vector control in Sudan and to determine the effects of different combinations of vector control intervention combination...

BACKGROUND The massive scale-up of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) has led to a substantial increase in malaria vector insecticide resistance as well as in increased outdoor transmission, both of which hamper the effectiveness and efficiency of ITN and IRS. Long-lasting microbial larvicide can be a cost-effective new supplemental intervention tool for malaria ...

BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends integrated vector management (IVM) as a strategy to improve and sustain malaria vector control. However, this approach has not been widely adopted. OBJECTIVES We comprehensively assessed experiences and findings on IVM in Kenya with a view to sharing lessons that might promote its wider application. METHODS The assessment used inform...

Background Ethiopia has a long history of controlling malaria using vector control tools. Community knowledge and perceptions of malaria and use of malaria vector control interventions vary. Objective The aim of this study was to determine malaria-related knowledge and perceptions among women and to determine the use of malaria vector control interventions, mainly indoor residual spraying (IRS)...