Abstract Purpose of Review Microrobotic swarms have attracted extensive attentions due to their potential in medical and bioengineering applications. Because the small sizes swarm agents, integrating actuators, sensors, control circuits are difficult. different fluid environments should be actuated navigated by external physical fields, chemical fuels, biological power. Magnetic fields advantag...

– In a magnetic fluid parametrically driven surface waves can be excited by an external oscillating magnetic field. A static magnetic field changes the restoring forces and damping coefficients of the various surface waves. This property enables the excitation of both subharmonic and harmonic responses of the standing waves. Introduction. – " Most fluids, if not all, may be used to produce thes...