The aim of this study was to determine the optimal cutting cycle in an uneven-aged beech forest in the North of Iran. First of all, a logistic growth model was determined for an uneven aged forest. Then, the stumpage price was predicted via an autoregressive model. The average stumpage price of beech was derived from actual timber, round wood, fire and pulpwood prices at road side minus the var...

Advanced societies owe their success to an efficient division of labour that, in some social insects, is based on specialized worker phenotypes. The system of caste determination in such species is therefore critical. Here, we examine in a leaf-cutting ant (Acromyrmex echinatior) how a recently discovered genetic influence on caste determination interacts with the social environment. By removin...

Use of the right mulching techniques is a crucial first step in replacing issues with irrigation and weed infestation potato production. To assess performance potatoes at two doses zinc under different conditions, field experiment was laid out two-factorial, randomized complete block design (RCBD) comprising eight treatments three replications each. The variety used Rolpa local. factor consiste...

abstract this study was conducted to determine the impacts of plastic mulch, drip irrigation method and different amount of water and their interactions on yield, water use efficiency (wue) and quality characteristic of tomato (mobile cultivar). the study was conducted in torogh agricultural research station, razavi khorasan province. the study was done during 2007-2008. experimental design was...

The unwanted addition of salt to drilling causes flocculation which has an adverse effect on mud rheological properties. To treat the flocculated mud chemical, deflocculants are commonly used; however, their disadvantages such as negative environmental effects, lower tolerance to contamination, and toxicity motivated scientists to search for effective additives. Using plant derived additives in...

‎in this paper‎, ‎we propose two iterative methods for finding a common solution of a finite family of equilibrium problems ‎for pseudomonotone bifunctions‎. ‎the first is a parallel hybrid extragradient-cutting algorithm which is extended from the‎ ‎previously known one for variational inequalities to equilibrium problems‎. ‎the second is a new cyclic hybrid‎ ‎extragradient-cutting algorithm‎....

In this study, changes in soil moisture and salinity contents in drip irrigation combined with white and black plastic mulches compared to no mulch (control) was evaluated. The experiment was carried out in two commercial pistachio orchards (Ohadi cultivar) with irrigation frequencies of 8 to 12 days with a total water consumption 4100 and 6170 m3ha−1. The study was conducted in a complete rand...