pulmonary metastases occur in 30% of all oncology patients. surgical resection of lung metastases is a widely accepted procedure but long-term results are disappointing with a 5-year survival rate of 20-40% and the results vary with the histologic type of the primary tumor. due to unavailability of any study regarding pulmonary metastasectomy in iran and emergence of new treatment modalities, r...

Pleural effusions in patients with malignant disease are not invariably due to metastatic spread to the pleura and thus, they are not always incurable. For example, about 5% of patients with effusions due to lung cancer have subsequently been found to be operable and curable [1]. It is, therefore, important to assess the potential curability in all cancer patients with cytologically negative ef...

BACKGROUND Recurrence patterns in patients who have undergone curative gastrectomy for advanced gastric carcinoma can be classified as peritoneal, hematogenous, or lymphatic. The aim of this study was to clarify differences in risk factors between these different types of recurrence pattern. METHODS Postoperative courses, including sites of recurrence and periods between surgery and recurrenc...

Treatment options for ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas are limited by early lymphatic spread, but the lymphatic vessels in pancreatic carcinoma have not been studied to date. Here, we present a histomorphological analysis of lymphatic vessels in pancreatic cancer resection specimens. Both intratumoral and peritumoral tissue were devoid of active lymphangiogenesis. Intratumoral lymphatics w...

BACKGROUND Approximately one third of node-negative colorectal cancers (CRCs) recur, suggesting the failure to detect occult disease. Lymphatic mapping followed by focused analysis of the sentinel node is highly accurate in identifying micrometastases. HYPOTHESIS Because aberrant genetic changes occur early in tumor progression and are associated with lymphatic metastases, we hypothesized tha...

INTRODUCTION Lymphatic permeation has been reported as a prognostic factor for patients with resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lymphatic canals are located in both intratumoral and extratumoral areas. Since 2001, we have prospectively evaluated lymphatic permeation based on its location. The purpose of this study was to determine the survival impact of extratumoral lymphatic permeati...

The angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor-D (VEGF-D) isa ligand for VEGF receptor-3 (VEGFR-3/Flt-4) and receptor-2 (VEGFR-2/KDR)and is implicated in the development of lymphatic vessels and promotion of lymphatic metastases. We assessed the expression of VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 in relation to microvessel density (MVD) in colorectal carcinomas (CRC), adenomas, and adjacent normal tissu...

FP3 is an engineered protein which contains the extracellular domain 2 of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 1 (Flt-1) and the extracellular domain 3 and 4 of VEGF receptor 2 (Flk-1, KDR) fused to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1. Previous studies have demonstrated its antiangiogenic effects in vitro and in vivo, and its antitumor activity in vivo. Cetuximab is a monocl...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the redirection of lymphatic drainage post-lymphadenectomy using non-invasive near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, and to subsequently assess impact on metastasis. BACKGROUND Cancer-acquired lymphedema arises from dysfunctional fluid transport after lymphadenectomy performed for staging and to disrupt drainage pathways for regional control of disease. However, l...

The prognosis of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is influenced by the presence of lymph node metastasis. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between lymphangiogenesis and the expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D in association with lymph node metastasis in oral SCC. Oral SCC biopsy specimens (160 cases) were examined for lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and the expression of V...