Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are required for cellular functioning and are controlled by anti-oxidants. The ROS influence the follicles, oocytes, endometrium, and their environment. The luteinizing hormone surge initiates a massive recruitment of ROS that modulates major reproductive functions namely, oocyte maturation, ovarian steroidogenesis, corpus luteal function, and luteolysis. The anti-...

The main function of the corpus luteum (CL) is to synthesize and secrete progesterone (P4), which regulates the duration of the estrous cycle and maintains of pregnancy in many species. Both synthesis and action of this hormone is regulated by many luteotropic and luteolytic factors. Progesterone also affects its own synthesis by regulation of the activity and genes expression of crucial enzyme...

BACKGROUND Corpus luteum (CL) regression is known to occur as two parts; functional regression when steroidogenesis declines and structural regression when apoptosis is induced. Previous studies suggest this process occurs by the production of luteolytic factors, such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). METHODS We examined TNF-alpha, TNF-alpha receptors (TNFR1 and 2) and steroidogeni...

A study was conducted to determine whether bovine blastocyst-stage embryos and trophoblastic vesicles stimulate the production of progesterone in bovine luteal cells during incubation in vitro. The effects of co-incubation of these embryos and vesicles with uterine endometrial tissue on progesterone production was also investigated. Bovine small and large luteal cells were obtained on day 12 of...

HIGHLIGHTS Ethanol induces reproductive dysfunction. Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) improves steroidogenesis. inhibits oxidative stress and inflammation. ethanol-induced

The expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in the human corpus luteum (CL) was examined throughout the luteal phase. The primary 1.6-kb StAR transcript was in greater abundance in early (3.1-fold) and mid (2.2-fold) luteal phase CL compared with late luteal phase CL. The larger StAR transcript (4.4 kb) was found in early and midluteal phase CL, but was not detected in l...

The first report of the combined use of pituitary suppression and ovarian hyperstimulation in invitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer programmes was published in 1984 (1). Since then, the advantages of gonadotrophin hormonereleasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) have been well documented; the cancellation rate has been decreased through the prevention of premature luteinizing hormone (LH) s...

Bassia latifolia bud and Cajanus cajan seed were evaluated for anti-fertility activity in mature female mice. Anti-fertility activity was evaluated by observing the estrus cycle, body weight, wet weight of ovaries, steroidogenic enzymes, and substrates. Bassia latifolia bud and Cajanus cajan seed extract arrested normal oestrous cycle at dioestrous stage. The decrease in weight of ovar...

background: controlled ovarian stimulation combined with intra uterine insemination (iui) is a convenient treatment of infertility with a success rate of 11%. the clinical observation and pattern of progesterone secretion in this method is suggestive of luteal phase defect and postulated as an implicating factor of treatment failure. objective: to investigate the efficacy of luteal phase suppor...

Luteinizing hormone is known to stimulate the production of progesterone in the corpus luteum of several species (Mason et al., 1962; Major et al., 1967; Armstrong, 1968; Collett et al., 1973). The rate-limiting step of steroidogenesis in steroid-hormoneproducing tissues is thought to be cholesterol side-chain cleavage (Stone & Hechter, 1954; Hall & Young, 1968). It was therefore decided to mea...