Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection which is endemic in many countries. It is a multisystem disease which may present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and complications. Neurobrucellosis is an uncommon complication of brucellosis. Case presentation: A 25-year-old woman with a history of lupus for 5 months referred to the emergency ward of Shahid Beheshti Hosp...

Lupus erythematosus panniculitis (profundus), a rare variant of chronic panniculitis, sometimes develops during the course of discoid lupus erythematosus or systemic lupus erythematosus. A 61-year-old woman had suffered from autoimmune hepatitis type I for 5 years. Prednisolone had been administered as maintenance therapy and her hepatitis had been well controlled. However, asymptomatic erythem...

In lupus erythematosus, elevated serum creatinine levels and urinary abnormalities implicate a kidney disorder, which may not always be lupus nephritis as defined by the current classification of the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society. The signs of renal dysfunction may be caused by lupusunrelated renal injury such as drug toxicity or infection or by lupus-associated me...

Toll-like receptor (TLR)-9 recognizes CpG motifs in microbial DNA. TLR9 signalling stimulates innate antimicrobial immunity and modulates adaptive immune responses including autoimmunity against chromatin, e.g., in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This review summarizes the available data for a role of TLR9 signalling in lupus and discusses the following questions that arise from these obser...

Lupus erythematosus and vitiligo are diseases of autoimmune origin. Reports in the literature suggest patients are more likely to suffer more than 1 autoimmune disease (30% of patients with generalized vitiligo have another autoimmune disease).1 However, there are few reports of cutaneous lupus erythematosus in association with vitiligo. We describe a 42-year-old woman with no family history of...

Objective(s): Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Cognitive dysfunction is one of the manifestations that could present prior to the emergence of any other neuropsychiatric involvements in SLE. Cognitive dysfunction is a subtle condition occurring with ahigh frequency. However, there is no data on the correlation of cognitive...

Anticardiolipin antibodies are a group of antiphospholipid autoantibodies seen primarily in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases. We report 3 patients, 2 without systemic lupus, who suffered ischemic brain infarction associated with these antibodies in the absence of detectable lupus anticoagulant activity. Anticardiolipin antibodies, possibly associated with...

Purpose Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multi-system autoimmune disease affecting various organs, with lupus nephritis being one of the most important and common serious manifestations. Antimalarials (AM) are one of the many immunomodifying medications Figure 1 Overview of effects of antimalarials on lupus disease and activity – articles from 2005 to 2010. LN=lupus nephritis. wh...

lupus vulgaris by pyrogallol ointment, acid nitrate of mercury, alkaline phenol and salicylic acid-creosote plaster. According to him the salicylic acid and creosote plaster acted well in some cases, but was slow. He, however, did not describe the variety of lupus vulgaris that responds best to this plaster. During the last few years we have tried various caustics in treating different kinds of...

Variability in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disease manifestations is well recognized. Lupus disease activity can range from mild to severe. Fever is a common manifestation of SLE and occurs in 36%-86% of patients. In the Modified Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (M-SLEDAI), fever is taken into account as disease activity scoring. Assessment of lupus patients with fever...