Purpose: Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels are significantly elevated in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) compared with patients with localized disease and have been associated with disease progression in other cancer patient populations. Therefore, we measured VEGF levels in plasma prospectively collected from patients enrolled in Cancer and Leukemi...

It has been suggested that the teratogenic effects of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) is reflected in vitro by the differentiation of F9 cells, activation of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor (PPAR ), and inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs). The aim of this study was to identify genes involved in the differentiation of F9 cells induced by VPA, teratogenic VPA derivativ...

Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) is perceived to function as a tumor suppressor gene in various contexts where its absence is associated with tumorigenicity and its presence causes cell cycle arrest. Tazarotene is a prodrug selective for RAR / , thereby motivating interest in determining whether tazarotene might activate putative tumor suppressor activity. Using HL-60 human myeloblastic leukemia ce...

We have found previously that phosphatidic acid (PA) can induce inflammatory mediators such as cytokines, which implies that PA plays a role in inflammatory response. In the present study, we provide evidence of the PA-mediated activation of the Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway, which results in the production of interleukin (...

-Secretase, exhibiting characteristics of aspartyl protease, mediates the intramembranous proteolysis of -amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Notch, and it is considered to be a prime pharmacological target in the development of therapeutics for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To identify compounds that block -secretase-mediated proteolysis, we used a highly sensitive cell-based reporter gene assay f...

We have shown that activation of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) promotes cell survival and expression of cytokines such as growth-regulated oncogene-a, which can modulate angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Activation of NF-kB and cytoprotective genes in cancer may result from signal-induced phosphorylation and proteasome-dependent degradation of inhibitorkB. In th...

The cytotoxicity of the antifolate inhibitors of de novo purine biosynthesis, lometrexol (LTX) and LY309887, can be abolished by hypoxanthine (HPX) salvage. The nucleoside transport inhibitor, dipyridamole (DP) can prevent HPX rescue from LTX growth inhibition in a cell linespecific manner. The studies described here have shown that, excluding colon and hematological malignancies, DP prevents H...

Chilling injury is sustained by dry pollen of Typha latifolia L. upon hydration in germination medium at 0°C. This injury is evidenced as poor germination, low vigor, and depressed respiration. Isolated mitochondria showed multiple sites of impaired electron transport. Besides losses of cytochrome (Cyt) c and NAD+, the activities of membrane-bound enzyme complexes such as Cyt oxidase, NADH-duro...

ICRF-187 is a bisdioxopiperazine anticancer drug that inhibits the catalytic activity of DNA topoisomerase (topo) II without stabilizing DNA-topoII cleavable complexes. To better understand the mechanisms of action of and resistance to topoII catalytic inhibitors, human leukemic CEM cells were selected for resistance to ICRF-187. The clones CEM/ICRF-8 and CEM/ ICRF-18 are approximately 40and 69...

Bacterial injury, including leakage of intracellular substance and viability loss, of Escherichia cvii K-12 (ATCC 23716) and Salmonella Enteritidis (ATCC 13076) inoculated in liquid egg white and liquid whole egg was determined by thermal death time disk. E. coli K-12 and Salmonella Enteritidis were inoculated in liquid egg white and liquid whole egg to a final count of 7.8 log CFU/mI and were ...