Context : The sacrum generally is composed of five vertebrae fused to form a triangular bony mass with four pairs of sacral foramina. The sacrum may contain six vertebrae, by development of an additional sacral element or by incorporation of the fifth lumbar or first coccygeal vertebrae produces five pairs of sacral foramina. Sacralization is entirely undiagnosable without an X-ray examination ...

The aim of the present study was to assess the role of simvastatin on osteoporosis of the vertebrae by examining the effect of simvastatin on the osteogenesis of the lumbar vertebra in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. A total of 60 6-month-old female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into one sham group and five ovariectomized groups, consisting of four simvastatin groups and one control group. Four d...

The study was to comprehensively compare the postoperative outcome and imaging parameter characters in a short/middle period between the percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PELD) and the internal fixation of bone graft fusion (the most common form is posterior lumbar interbody fusion [PLIF]) for the treatment of adjacent segment lumbar disc prolapse with stable retrolisthesis after a pre...

The presacral vertebrae have various secondary centers of ossification, whose timing of fusion can be used for age estimation of human skeletal remains up to the middle to the latter third decade. However, detailed information about the age at which these secondary centers of ossification fuse has been lacking. In this study, the timing of epiphyseal union in presacral vertebrae was studied in ...

The title question is investigated by comparing results of a series of bone strength tests of lumbar vertebrae (L1 and L2) and right wrists (distal radii) of nine cadavers. The paper describes the specimen preparation, the testing, and the analysis procedures. The results show that there is a correlation between the strengths of the lumbar and wrist specimens for the individual cadavers, sugges...

A model of weightlessness in which the hindlimbs of rats are elevated by their tails at a 40 degrees angle to unload the hindlimbs while maintaining normal weight bearing on the forelimbs has been used to simulate certain conditions of space flight. When we used this model in growing rats, we found that growth in bone weight ceased by 1 week in the hindlimbs and lumbar vertebrae, whereas growth...

The patients with intensive pain caused by the vertebra body fracture were treated by application of low viscosity cement (LVC), (Vertebroplastic, DePuy) and high viscosity cement (HVC), (Confidence, DePuy,) into the body, by means of diascopy through unilateral transpendicular approach. Application of LVC was made in 75 patients, on 109 vertebrae, and HVC was applied in 12 patients on 14 verte...

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a new technique for transcutaneous ultrasonographic imaging coupled with transrectal manoeuvering for the examination of the left kidney using 10 clinically healthy Jersey/Red Sindhi crossbred cows. The areas extending caudally from the tuber-coxae, cranially up to the 11th intercostal space, dorsally from the lumbar transverse processes, a...