Persistence of a reservoir of latently infected memory T cells provides a barrier to HIV eradication in treated patients. Several reports have implicated the involvement of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes in restricting early steps in HIV infection, in coupling the processes of integration and remodeling, and in promoter/LTR transcription activation and repression. However, the mechanism...

<p dir="ltr"><span>El presente trabajo recupera la experiencia de Presupuesto Participativo en Vivienda desarrollada Belo Horizonte, Brasil. El objetivo es poner valor aspectos participación ciudadana que posibilitaron el acceso a una vivienda y ciudad por parte población escasos recursos. </span></p><p dir="ltr"><span>La metodología utilizada comprendió util...

Hyperspectral images (HSIs) are usually corrupted by various noises, e.g., Gaussian noise, impulse stripes, dead lines, and many others. In this article, motivated the good performance of L 1-2 nonconvex metric in image sparse structure exploitation, we first develop a 3-D spatial-spectral total...

Thirty-one histologically abnormal brains from patients with AIDS were studied in order to establish the relationship between multinucleated giant cells, viral protein expression, the various forms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) DNA, and clinical evidence of dementia. Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA of 2 to 8 kb was found in 22 of the 31 brains. Multinucleated giant cells without any oth...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transcription is regulated by the viral Tat protein and cellular factors, of which the concentration and activity may depend on the cell type. Viral long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter sequences are therefore optimized to suit the specific nuclear environment of the target host cell. In long-term cultures of a Tat-defective, poorly replicating HIV-1 m...

Isolates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) derived from the central nervous system (CNS) display properties distinctive from blood-derived isolates, including a high incidence of macrophage tropism in CNS isolates. Macrophage tropism is a result, in part, of DNA sequence variation in the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gene, but evidence also exists suggesting differences in the long terminal...

Insertion of LTRs into some genome locations might seriously affect regulation of the neighboring genes expression. This hypothesis is widely accepted but, however, not confirmed directly. Earlier, we have identified a family of closely related genes highly similar to the KIAA1245 mRNA counterpart. This family included a subfamily of genes some of which contained and the others lacked an LTR in...

The long terminal repeat (LTR) of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is known to contain a number of transcriptional regulatory elements, including glucocorticoid response elements. In this study, we showed that a mammary gland/salivary gland enhancer found in the LTR of this virus directs expression of a heterologous promoter to both virgin and lactating mammary glands in transgenic mice. Using ...

Activation of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) promoter in infected cells requires the sequential recruitment of several cellular factors to facilitate the formation of a processive elongation complex. The nucleosomal reorganization of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) observed upon Tat stimulation suggests that chromatin-remodeling complexes could play a role during this proc...

Background Long Terminal Repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) represent the most abundant genomic component in all plant genomes thus far investigated. They are transposable elements that replicate through a “copy/paste” mechanism that relies on reverse transcription and integration of a RNA intermediate. Plant LTR-RTs can be divided in two major superfamilies: Copia and Gypsy[1]. LTR-RTs have imp...