Historically, development was mostly perceived in terms of economic performance. We have too long been preoccupied with material production and there has been a search for a good measure of it. Surely, per capita income has been proved to be a good candidate and has dominated the scene ever since. One can ask why per capita income? First it is an attractive single indicator for assessing econom...

An econometric analysis of Hong Kong’s monthly per capita water usage for the 25-year period of April 1985 through March 2010 reveals that per capita usage is insensitive to price but dependent upon past usage, per capita income, weather, and seasonal factors, with rising income countering what would otherwise be a downward trend. Given Hong Kong’s current inflationary environment and large gov...

Poverty reduction is entirely determined by the growth rate of population’s mean per capita income and by the change in the distribution of income. This places the empirical relation between growth and inequality at the heart of poverty reducing strategies. This study, which estimates the relation for Paraguay, aims to identify the growth effects of income and education inequality while control...

Information technology (IT) projects continue to suffer from frequent cost and time overruns and failure to fully deliver on the expected benefits to the users or the organization. Furthermore, what determines the success or failure of information technology implementations and use in developing and emerging economies may differ substantially from generally accepted success factors in highly de...

Stylized facts show that average growth rates of US per capita consumption and income differ in recession and expansion periods. Since a linear combination of such series does not have to be a constant mean process, standard cointegration analysis between the variables to examine the permanent income hypothesis may not be valid. To model the changing growth rates in both series, we introduce a ...

T he main objective of this study is to estimate the spatial spillover effects of the economic growth among the selected countries of MENA region. For this purpose, the Spatial Durbin Model in the framework of spatial dynamic panel data was estimated during the period of 1970-2010. The spatial Diagnostic tests affirmed the occurrence of spatial positive autocorrelation phenomenon for...

In recent years two ambitious historical national account reconstructions of British economic development over the very long run have been published (Broadberry et als 2015, Clark 2010). Broadberry et als estimates national income and per capita income growth using output data while Clark is using income data, that is wage, capital income and land rent data. In principle results from these reco...

T he environmental issues have received a lot of attention in recent years. Since environmental pollution is one of the issues that may damage the ability of future generations, it is important to examine the determinants of the environment quality. The main objective of this study is to investigate the impact of urban and rural income inequality on natural gas consumption in Iran. To this...

Meta-analysis combines results from multiple longitudinal studies to describe life course variation by age and sex for quantity of drinking per typical occasion (20 studies) and frequency of drinking during one month (27 studies). There is cross-study heterogeneity for the Time 1 means of the drinking variables blocking for age and sex. Age distributions for the Time 1 means are similar by gend...