Sir—László Tabár and colleagues (Feb 5, p 429) report striking results about a novel prognostic factor in breast cancers of small size. Currently, the proportion of small breast cancers diagnosed is increasing as a result of large-scale mammographic screening. However, the selection of women who will benefit from adjuvant treatment remains a challenge. Also, prognostic factors for breast-cancer...

OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term functional outcome of external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in terms of epiphora. STUDY DESIGN Single-group cohort study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Section of Ophthalmology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2000 to June 2010. METHODOLOGY This study included adults who underwent external DCR surgery at the AKUH during January 2000 t...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW As incidence of acute lung injury (ALI) increases and case fatality decreases, long-term care of survivors is of public health importance. Previous studies demonstrate that these survivors are at risk for impairment in physical, cognitive and mental health. In this review, we will discuss recent studies that add to our knowledge of long-term outcomes after ALI and critical ill...

OBJECT Hemangiopericytomas are rare tumors that behave aggressively with a high rate of local recurrence and distant metastases. With the aim of determining the outcome and response to various treatment modalities, a series of 39 patients who underwent microsurgical resection for primary meningeal hemangiopericytoma over a 24-year period is presented. METHODS Patients with hemangiopericytoma ...

AIM To evaluate long term visual outcome of treatment for amblyopia. METHODS In a previous study, 44 children with unilateral amblyopia caused by strabismus or anisometropia were enrolled in a prospective study investigating the results of treatment. All children were regularly examined up to at least 8 years of age and outcome was evaluated. All subjects were invited to a re-examination and ...

The automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator was implanted in 270 patients because of life-threatening arrhythmias over a 7 year period. There was a history of sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, or both, in 96% of these patients, 80% had one or more prior cardiac arrests and 78% had coronary artery disease as their underlying diagnosis. The average ejection fraction was ...

Third renal transplants are historically associated with a poor prognosis. An analysis was undertaken to assess long-term outcomes of third grafts and identify variables associated with long-term graft survival. Fifty-six third grafts performed between 1974 and 2005 were compared to control groups of 1965 primary and 301 second grafts performed during the same period. Kaplan-Meier analysis show...

..................................................................................................... 6 Original publications.................................................................................. 8 Abbreviations............................................................................................. 9 Introduction.....................................................................

Felty's syndrome has again been shown to be a severe form of systemic rheumatoid disease characterised by severe joint involvement, many extra-articular features, and a high incidence of infection. In addition we have shown that splenectomy was not protective for infections and in fact may on occasion contributed to infection. Furthermore, although most patients had an increase in white blood c...

TIIVISTELMÄ in Finnish ABBREVIATIONS LIST OF ORIGINAL PUBLICATIONS