To obtain a favorable tradeoff between treatment benefits and morbidity ("therapeutic ratio"), radiotherapy (RT) dose is prescribed according to the tumor volume, with the goal of controlling the disease while respecting normal tissue tolerance levels. We propose a new paradigm for tumor dose prescription in stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) based on organ-at-risk (OAR) tolerance levels...

Checkpointing is a typical approach to tolerate failures in today’s supercomputing clusters and computational grids. Checkpoint data can be saved either in central stable storage, or in processor memory (as in diskless checkpointing), or local disk space (replacing memory with local disk in diskless checkpointing). But where to save the checkpoint data has a great impact on the performance of a...

The climate variability hypothesis proposes that in variable temperate climates poikilothermic animals have wide thermal tolerance windows, whereas in constant tropical climates they have small thermal tolerance windows. In this study we quantified and compared the upper and lower lethal thermal tolerance limits of numerous bivalve species from a tropical (Roebuck Bay, north western Australia) ...

The extent to which acclimation and genetic adaptation might buffer natural populations against climate change is largely unknown. Most models predicting biological responses to environmental change assume that species' climatic envelopes are homogeneous both in space and time. Although recent discussions have questioned this assumption, few empirical studies have characterized intraspecific pa...

This paper focuses on two types of artifacts—local variables and comments in a method (function). Both of them are usually used at the programer’s discretion. Thus, naming local variables and commenting code can vary among individuals, and such an individual difference may cause a dispersion in quality. This paper conducts an empirical analysis on the fault-proneness of Java methods which are c...

Interference imposes a major challenge for efficient data communication in wireless networks. Increased level of interference may increase number of collisions, energy consumption and latency due to retransmissions of the interfered data. Interference of a link is the number of nodes interfered while a pair of nodes are communicating over a bi-directional link. Approaches have been proposed to ...

This paper discusses the fault-tolerant issues in real-time collaborative editing systems. In order to make the realtime collaborative systems more reliable, an efficient recovery algorithm is presented. A crashed client site can be recovered by transmitting the system’s final state from the server. If the volume data associated with final state is huge, the recovery latency becomes significant...

Abstract: Early verification of the adequacy of fault tolerance mechanisms, and the subsequent removal of fault tolerance deficiency faults (ftd-faults), are essential tasks in the design process of dependable computer systems. The paper is centred on the description and application of the new features of MEFISTO-L, the fault injection tool for VHDL models, being developed at LAAS for supportin...

The most fundamental problem in wireless ad-hoc networks is to determine a connected communication subgraph that satisfies desirable topological properties by assigning appropriate transmission power to each node. Some of the properties considered by a vast majority of researchers include minimum-energy, fault tolerance, minimum interference, and bounded node degree. However preserving two or m...

In this paper, we present an empirical evaluation of a metaheuristic approach to a commercial districting problem. The problem consists of partitioning a given set of basic units into p districts so as minimize a measure of territory dispersion. Additional constraints include territory connectivity and balancing with respect to several criteria. To obtain feasible solutions to this NP-hard prob...