The bound electronic nonlinear refractive index, n 2 • and two-photon absorption (2PA) coefficient, 6, are measured in a variety of inorganic dielectric solids at the four harmonics of the Nd:YAG laser using Z scan. The specific materials studied are: barium fluoride (BaF2 ), calcite (CaC03), potassium bromide (KBr), lithium fluoride (LiF), magnesium fluoride (MgFz), sapphire (Ab03), a tellurit...

Lithium is an element which has been used as salts of chloride or carbonate for many years in the treatment of some psychological disorders such as mania, bipolar or schizophrenic diseases. Chronic application of lithium may induce some serious nephropathies such as natriuresis, renal tubular acidosis, tubulointerstitial nephritis progression to progressive chronic kidney disease and hypercalce...

The transport coefficients of three ionic liquids, lithium bromide ~LiBr!, rubidium bromide ~RbBr!, and molten silica (SiO2) are calculated by the mixture mode-coupling theory. The static partial structure factors required are obtained from the interionic interaction potential by the Ornstein– Zernike/hypernetted-chain integral equation. The anomalous pressure dependence of the transport proper...

Fibrin, when formed from purified fibrinogen and thrombin, with the exclusion of either calcium or an unidentified serum factor (or both), can be dissolved in several rather mild reagents. Dissolution has been reported in dilute acid (1) and in moderately concentrated solutions of urea (2-5), guanidine hydrochloride (2-5), and histamine dihydrochloride (5). In urea, the dissolved particles have...

The triphenylstannyl p-u-glucopyranoside 4 was synthesized in one step from the 1.2-anhydro-a-uglucopyranose 3 with (hiphenylstannyl)lithium (Scheme 1) . Transmetallation of 4 with excess BuLi, followed by quenching the dianion 7 with CD,OD gave (1s)1 ,5-anhydro-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-f 1 -2H]-u-glucitol (8) in 81% yield (Scheme 2). Trapping of 7 with benzaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, or acroleine ga...

Extraction of high quality RNA is a critical step in molecular genetics studies. Hazelnut is one of the most important nuts plants in the world. The presence of the taxol and other taxanes in hazelnut plant necessitates explaining their biosynthesis pathway and identifying the candidate genes. Therefore, an easy and practical method is necessary for RNA extraction from hazelnuts. Hazelnut has h...

Serendipity is one of the many factors that may contribute to drug discovery. It has played a role in the discovery of prototype psychotropic drugs that led to modern pharmacological treatment in psychiatry. It has also played a role in the discovery of several drugs that have had an impact on the development of psychiatry. "Serendipity" in drug discovery implies the finding of one thing while ...