DNA has been used to construct a wide variety of nanoscale molecular devices. Inspiration for such synthetic molecular machines is frequently drawn from protein motors, which are naturally occurring and ubiquitous. However, despite the fact that rotary motors such as ATP synthase and the bacterial flagellar motor play extremely important roles in nature, very few rotary devices have been constr...

In 1974 Blaschke and Hasse introduced the so called eld-oriented method for the control of induction motors [1, 5]. This method is based on a nonlinear coordinate change, admitting a clear physical interpretation since corresponding to a rotation by the rotor ux angle. In these coordinates the equations of the induction motor are very similar to the equations of a DC motor. Since the control of...

The main problem in improving the tracking performance of permanent magnet linear synchronous motors is the presence of force ripple caused by mismatched current excitation. This paper presents a method to optimize the current excitation of the motors in order to generate smooth force. The optimized phase current waveforms produce minimal ohmic losses and maximize motor efficiency. The current ...

The biological cell is equipped with a variety of molecular machines that perform complex mechanical tasks such as cell division or intracellular transport. One can envision employing these biological motors in artificial environments. We review the progress that has been made in using motor proteins for powering or manipulating nanoscale components. In particular, kinesin and myosin biomotors ...

Based on Utkin’s research work regarding speed control of rotary motors, a position tracking algorithm for linear permanent magnet synchronous motors (LPMSM) is designed making use of multi-variable sliding-mode control and asymptotic observers. It is applicable to LPMSM’s with either interior or surfacemounted magnets, no matter whether the armature is stationary or movable. Furthermore, the c...

Swissmetro is a MAGLEV Project between the main cities of Switzerland, designed for a speed up to 500 [km/h] in two tunnels under partial vacuum. Two propulsion variants are considered: the short stators of the linear homopolar motors are fixed with the tunnel tracks; the stator of the motors is on board of the vehicles. The levitation, the guidance and the transfer of energy are independent. T...

This paper focusses on a discrete-time neural identifier applied to a Linear Induction Motor (LIM) model, whose model is assumed to be unknown. This neural identifier is robust in presence of external and internal uncertainties. The proposed scheme is based on a discrete-time recurrent high order neural network (RHONN) trained with a novel algorithm based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) and par...

Molecular motors, by turning chemical energy into mechanical work, are responsible for active cellular processes. Often groups of these motors work together to perform their biological role. Motors in an ensemble are coupled and exhibit complex emergent behavior. Although large motor ensembles can be modeled with partial differential equations (PDEs) by assuming that molecules function independ...

Abstract: Permanent magnet linear motors (PMLMs) with double-layer concentrated windings generally show significant cogging forces due to the introduction of auxiliary teeth for eliminating the end-effect induced phase unbalance, even when the fractional-slot technology is applied. This paper presents a novel approach to reduce the cogging force by adjusting the armature core dimensions in frac...