In Japanese potential and tough constructions, arguments standing in various semantic relations to a base verb can be marked with nominative case. Such subjects also may show up with genitive case in nominalizations irrespective of their semantic relations. This paper, addressing a variety of case alternations which have not hetherto attracted much attention from theoretical linguistics, propos...

1. Introduction This paper analyses a number of word order alternations observed in relative clauses in Spanish and concludes that they are the result of intonational considerations. However, it is shown that the relevant intonational factors are not the same as those related to focalization (which is well-known to induce word order alternations in Spanish), but rather they relate to the relati...

Abstract HyperLTL is a temporal logic that can express hyperproperties, i.e., properties relate multiple execution traces of system. Such are becoming increasingly important and naturally occur, e.g., in information-flow control, robustness, mutation testing, path planning, causality checking. Thus far, complete model checking tools for have been limited to alternation-free formulas, formulas u...

ness organization lexicon Structure-preservation Metrical theory Equation of Structure-building Harmonic rule phonotactics and versus application alternations: strict structure-changing Optimality theory cyclicity operations

For decades the assumption in traditional phonology has been that URs had the two functions of (i) capturing generalizations (“what’s in the language”) and (ii) capturing the speaker’s knowledge (“what’s in the head”). Bantu languages have been among those providing evidence of robust morphophonemic alternations of the sort captured by URs in generative phonology. In this paper I take a new loo...

After setting out the challenges posed by argument alternations for linguistic theory, this paper reviews the development of accounts of argument alternations over the last fifty years, documenting a shift from accounts that are primarily syntactic in nature to accounts with semantic and pragmatic components. The remainder of the paper consists of case studies of the developing understanding of...

Previous work has suggested that learners are sensitive to phonetic similarity when learning phonological patterns (e.g., Steriade, 2001/2008; White, 2014). We tested 12-month-old infants to see if their willingness to generalize newly learned phonological alternations depended on the phonetic similarity of the sounds involved. Infants were exposed to words in an artificial language whose distr...

In this study, rhythmic alternations in German read speech have been examined on prosodic phrase level. Based on statistical examinations and phonological theory, several hypotheses concerning the status of rhythm rules and word−class related prominence have been formulated, formalized and implemented. The predictions made by these rules were compared with speaker’s judgements on perceptual pro...

The most obvious interpretation of Paster’s results is that tonally conditioned PCSA is in fact extremely rare. Before accepting this interpretation, however, it is important to consider the possibility that a significant class of examples was systematically neglected, though not for want of a large and balanced survey. Since Paster’s stated focus was on affixal morphology, it may have been tha...

We consider the problem of learning in the presence of irrelevant attributes in Valiant's PAC model V84]. In the PAC model, the goal of the learner is to produce an approximately correct hypothesis from random sample data. If the number of relevant attributes in the target function is small, it may be desirable to produce a hypothesis that also depends on only a small number of variables. Hauss...