We describe a new species of the genus Endecous Saussure (1878), recorded at the Lapa do Cipó and Olhos d'Água caves, which are located in the Itacarambi municipality, Minas Gerais state, Eastern Brazil. Another species, E. aguassay Mews, 2008 was recordedin the surroundings of the caves. The genus Endecous corresponds to the most common cricket in Brazilian hypogean environments. In general, t...

Limestone is mainly constituent of chemical compound calcium carbonate (CaCo3). It is basically called sedimentary rock substance. As per researchers it forms 10% of total volume of Sedimentary rock. The extrusion & Implementation of limestone in any form deals with ease of work and as a less pollutant for Environment, hence it can be massively used and utilized as a replacement to coarse aggre...

This document is to serve as background technical information for engineers, specifiers, and other concrete technologists on use of limestone in hydraulic cements in amounts up to 15% (focusing on amounts between 5% and 15%). The document also provides supporting data for standardization of limestone blended cements in ASTM C595 and AASHTO M240. Environmental benefits are noted as well as a his...

The Earth's crust hosts a subsurface, dark, and oligotrophic biosphere that is poorly understood in terms of the energy supporting its biomass production and impact on food webs at the Earth's surface. Dark oligotrophic volcanic ecosystems (DOVEs) are good environments for investigations of life in the absence of sunlight as they are poor in organics, rich in chemical reactants and well known f...

Waterstrat et al. (JCKS (2010), 72 (2) 61–74) compared means of geometric measurements of sea and flank margin caves with the Student t-test and concluded that these different types of caves could be ‘‘statistically differentiated.’’ However, their use of the t-test is dependent on the data being normally distributed. The data that were analyzed, cave area to perimeter ratio, entrance-width to ...

Over the last few years the Texas Department of Transportation has expressed concern about mineralogical segregation (variation) of coarse aggregates used in bituminous mixes; problems are associated with variation in the quality of aggregates taken from a quarry/gravel pit. The primary objective of this project was to examine the effects of poor quality coarse limestone aggregate on hotmix asp...

Limestone is widely used in the construction industry to produce Portland limestone cement (PLC) concrete. Systematic evaluations of hydration kinetics, compressive strength development, and carbonation resistance are crucial for the rational use of limestone. This study presents a hydration-based model for evaluating the influences of limestone on the strength and carbonation of concrete. Firs...

Subsurface habitats harbor novel diversity that has received little attention until recently. Accessible subsurface habitats include lava caves around the world that often support extensive microbial mats on ceilings and walls in a range of colors. Little is known about lava cave microbial diversity and how these subsurface mats differ from microbial communities in overlying surface soils. To i...

We have developed a numerical model for assessing the lifetime of ice deposits in martian caves that are open to the atmosphere. Our model results and sensitivity tests indicate that cave ice would be stable over significant portions of the surface of Mars. Ice caves on Earth commonly occur in lava tubes, and Mars has been significantly resurfaced by volcanic activity during its history, includ...