Background: It was proposed that probiotics may influence immune system through direct or indirect exposure. Direct exposure is mostly mediated by surface receptors. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are conserved molecular sensors which could be triggered via some pathogen associated structures, hence, modulate the immune responses. This study was conducted to elucidate the impact of lactobacillus ac...

Objective: Silymarin is a herbal extract containing flavonolignans, and it has inhibitory effects against the growth of different cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis. Toll-like receptors are suggested as a novel and attractive target to treat cancer. The current study aimed at examining the mechanism of silymarin-induced apoptosis in Ramos cells and investigating its effect...

Background: Endometriosis, a common, benign, estrogendependent and chronic inflammatory condition, is characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue that is found primarily in the peritoneum, ovaries and rectovaginal septum. In addition to its usual description as a hormonal disorder, some genetic, immunological and environmental factors can affect this disease. Toll-like receptors (...

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in keratinocytes play an important role in dermatological autoimmune diseases. Tumour suppressor protein p53 regulates TLR expression. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of TLR1-TLR10, p53 and NF-κB in patients with oral lichenoid disease (OLD) with healthy mucosa. Oral mucosal biopsies from 24 patients with OLD and 26 he...

introduction: brain-derived neurotrophic factor (bdnf) and its receptor, trkb, in the hippocampus are targets for adverse effects of stress paradigms in addition, bdnf and its receptor play key role in the pathology of brain diseases like depression. in the present study, we evaluated the possible role of hippocampal bdnf in depression during pregnancy, methods: to achieve the purpose, repeated...

background: the fc receptor like (fcrl) molecules belong to the immunoglobulin (ig) superfamily with potentially immunoregulatoryfunction. among the fcrl family fcrl2 and 4 are predominantly expressed on memory b cells and fcrl1 is a pan- b cell marker. to date, noligand has been identifid for the human fcrl1, 2 and 4 molecules.objectives: cloning, expression, purifiation and structural analysi...