The backscattering of circularly polarized light at normal incidence to a half-space of scattering particles is studied using the Electric Field Monte Carlo (EMC) method. The spatial distribution of the backscattered light intensity is examined for both the time-resolved and continuous wave cases for large particles with anisotropy factor, g, in the range 0.8 to 0.97. For the time-resolved case...

The branchial plumes of Chromodoris respond, by contraction, to a decrease in light intensity. This response is obliterated by high temperatures (above 32 degrees ) and by direct sunlight, and is possible only within a limited range of alkalinity of the sea water. A concealing retraction of the whole gill-crown is reflexly determined by the self-contraction of the individual plumes under "optim...

We investigated the effect of different light conditions on primary production and growth rates of three closely related freshwater picocyanobacterial strains from three different ribotypes in laboratory cultures. The primary goal was to test whether not only different pigment types (PC-rich versus PE-rich) but also other physiological characteristics suggested by different phylogenetic positio...

The kinetics of liquid phase semiconductor photocatalytic and photoassisted reactions are an area of some debate, reignited recently by an article by Ollis(1) in which he proposed a simple pseudo-steady-state model to interpret the Langmuir-Hinshelwood type kinetics, commonly observed in such systems. In the current article, support for this model, over other models, is provided by a reinterpre...

We analyze doubly magic trapping of Cs hyperfine transitions including previously neglected contributions from the ground state hyperpolarizability and the interaction of the laser light and a static magnetic field. Extensive numerical searches do not reveal any doubly magic trapping conditions for any pair of hyperfine states. However, including the hyperpolarizability reveals light intensity ...

A feedback control method for regulating crop growth in advanced life support systems is presented. Two models for crop growth are considered, one developed by the agricultural industry and used by the Ames Research Center, and a mechanistic model, termed the Energy Cascade model. Proportional and pointwise-optimal control laws are applied to both models using wheat as the crop and light intens...

Diel host-seeking activity of adult Chrysops celatus Pechuman was studied in northwestern Florida during June 1993 and 1994. Primary peak activity occurred at 0645 h (CST) with a secondary peak at 1945 h. Host-seeking behavior was correlated with relative humidity but not temperature and light intensity. No host-seeking activity was observed at darkness. In all studies, the majority of flies in...

Growth and physiological experiments were carried out using Scenedesmus subspicatus and Chlorella vulgaris as representative species typically found in waste stabilisation ponds. These experiments were designed to test the ability of the organisms to survive and grow under a range of different temperatures and light intensities that might occur in mid to high latitude regions. Growth was assess...

The silicon optical modulator is considered to be the workhorse of a revolution in communications. In recent years, the capabilities of externally driven active silicon optical modulators have dramatically improved. Self-driven passive modulators, especially passive silicon modulators, possess advantages in compactness, integration, low-cost, etc. Constrained by a large indirect band-gap and se...

1. The speed of progression of Unionicola, a water mite, is influenced by light; and over a certain range increases as a function of the light intensity. 2. The relation between speed and light intensity is not a simple one, as the speed of progression is due to the combined effect of amplitude of steps and frequency of leg movement. 3. The amplitude of stride increases in direct proportion to ...