INTRODUCTION We estimate life expectancy and average years of life lost (AYLL) after an HIV diagnosis using population-based surveillance data from 25 states that have had name-based HIV surveillance since 1996. METHODS We used US national HIV surveillance data (cases > or = 13 years old) to model life expectancy after an HIV diagnosis using the life table approach. We then compared life expe...

BACKGROUND The United States has the highest rate of imprisonment of any country in the world. African Americans and Hispanics comprise a disproportionately large share of the prison population. We applied a "prison life expectancy" to specify differences in exposure to imprisonment by gender and race at the population level. METHODS The impact of imprisonment on life expectancy in the United...

This article describes the association between total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol ratios and all-cause mortality in a large cohort of Americans with nearly 17 years of follow-up. Detailed actuarial life table methodology was used. It concludes that the relationship is best described as a J-shaped curve.

BACKGROUND Short birth intervals have been associated with adverse health outcomes, including infant, child and maternal mortality. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the duration and determinants of inter birth intervals among women of reproductive age in Yazd, Iran. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cluster sampling technique was used to select 400 ever-married women aged 15-49 years in Yazd, Islami...

"In this paper the author applies the framework of multiregional population analysis to marital status changes as revealed by longitudinal retrospective data on marital histories collected as part of the June 1975 [U.S.] Current Population Survey supplement. Four marital statuses are used: never married, presently married, divorced, and widowed. Marital status life tables are computed for th...

BACKGROUND Empirical research describes retirement migration to Mexico as a viable option for some older Americans. However, far less research examines this phenomenon among Mexican immigrants in the United States. The literature that does address this topic treats international migration as a singular occurrence and does not examine the possibility of return and subsequent reentry between coun...

I t has been pointed out (D Eayres, personal communication) that Chiang’s formula for estimation of the standard error of the expectation of life (which allows for the fact that mortality rates increase with age within each age band— clearly relevant with abridged life tables and advancing age) can be improved by combining it with the fact that the final age band is open-ended so that its width...

METHODS This retrospective study investigated the longevity of 301 space maintainers fitted in 141 patients aged 3.4-22.1 years in the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Leeds Dental Institute between 1991 and 1995. RESULTS Failure occurred in 190 space maintainers (63%), of which 36% were due to cement loss, 24% breakage, 10% design problems, and 9% were lost. Using the life table method, ...

BACKGROUND The health and well-being of military veterans has recently generated much media and political interest. Estimating the current and future size of the veteran population is important to the planning and allocation of veteran support services. METHODS Data from a 2007 nationally representative residential survey of England (the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey) were extrapolated t...

The ageing of the population is an issue in wealthy countries worldwide because of increasing costs for health care and welfare. Survival curves taken from demographic life tables may help shed light on the hypotheses that humans are living longer and that human populations are growing older. We describe a methodology that enables us to obtain separate measurements of scale and shape variances ...