INTRODUCTION Dermatologic diseases of the vulva may cause dyspareunia. These disorders may be overlooked by gynecologists and urologists because of lack of residency training experience. Dermatologists who are most familiar with these diseases are infrequently trained in vulvovaginal examination. As such, these disorders are often improperly diagnosed and treated. AIM To describe the presenta...

BACKGROUND Mucous membrane pemphigoid is a rare autoimmune blistering disease primarily affecting mucosal surfaces. Blistering and scarring may occur in the eyes, mouth, esophagus, larynx, and on the vulva. Scarring can result in severe structural changes to the vulva that may mimic the findings of other inflammatory dermatologic disorders of the vulva, including lichen sclerosus and lichen pla...

Pruritus vulvae can have infectious as well as noninfectious causes. In sexually active women, infectiousborne pruritus is mainly caused by vulvovaginal candidiasis. However, also changes in the bacterial flora can cause itching and burning. In persistent and regressing cases, we also have to consider non-infectious dermatoses. Here, the most common disease is lichen sclerosus, not only present...

BACKGROUND Lichen sclerosus is a chronic, inflammatory skin condition that most commonly occurs in adult women, although it may also be seen in men and children. It primarily affects the genital area and around the anus, where it causes persistent itching and soreness. Scarring after inflammation may lead to severe damage by fusion of the vulval lips (labia); narrowing of the vaginal opening; a...

Lichen sclerosus, lichen planus, and lichen simplex chronicus are dermatologic conditions that can affect the vulva. Symptoms include vulvar itching, irritation, burning, and pain, which may be chronic or recurrent and can lead to significant physical discomfort and emotional distress that can affect mood and sexual relationships. With symptoms similar to common vaginal infections, women often ...

A list of 128 taxa (127 species) of lichens, 6 species of lichenicolous fungi and 2 non-lichenized fungi traditionally included in lichenological literature from the virgin forest Rajhenavski Rog and its surroundings in the southeastern part of Slovenia is presented. The lichen Gyalecta derivata, the lichenicolous fungus Homostegia piggotii, and the non-lichenized fungus Mycomicrothelia pachnea...