This paper considers the link between lexical category and lexical semantics, examining variation in the category of property concept (PC) words (Dixon, 1982; Thompson, 1989)—words introducing the descriptive content in translational equivalents of sentences whose main predicate is an adjective in languages with large open classes of them. Francez and Koontz-Garboden (2015) conjecture that nomi...

the most important and practical phase of analyzing the linguistic errors of second language learners is to find the solutions to decrease these errors. to that end, the present study examined translation strategy to decrease the number of grammatical and lexical errors of chinese language learners learning persian. twelve chinese language learners were asked to write a text in two stages. firs...

1. INTRODUCTION. This paper investigates a small set of specific-general noun sequences (SGNs) and their role as a system of nominal classification in Sinhala. Systems of nominal classification have typically been described in terms of three sub-types: 1) lexical systems (class terms and measure terms), 2) lexico-grammatical systems (classifiers), and 3) grammatical systems (noun class markers ...

This study reports on the findings of a genre teaching course for developing academic writing of a class of EFL students in Iran. The information report genre was taught in a cyclical way of teaching and learning, which was started from ‘setting the context’ and ‘deconstruction’ of prototype information report genre, and continued with ‘joint construction’, ‘independent construction’, and final...

In most of the languages today, the sequence of words is quite restricted. It is quite obvious that an underlying structure which is, in general, abstract, generates such word orders. This underlying structure is basically the syntax of the language. Also, it is shown in previous researches that syntactic features are the most informative features in lexical class discovery such as verb classif...

Explicit representations of images are useful for linguistic applications related to images. We design a representation based on first-order models that capture the objects present in an image as well as their spatial relations. We take a supervised learning approach to the spatial relation classification problem and study the effects of spatial and lexical information on prediction performance...

Levin’s (1993) study of verb classes is a widely used resource for lexical semantics. In her framework, some verbs, such as give, exhibit no class ambiguity. But other verbs, such as write, have several alternative classes. We extend Levin’s inventory to a simple statistical model of verb class ambiguity. Using this model we are able to generate preferences for ambiguous verbs without the use o...

Abstract The interaction of lexical actionality with grammatical aspect is explained in a comprehensive system, based on the “degree temporal dynamics” simple and complex actional classes various functions, expressed by grammemes (extended ILA model, focus aspect). Then new conceptualization less frequent phenomena presented. A novelty differentiation from status aspect, characterized habituali...

We propose a strategy to reduce the impact of the sparse data problem in the tasks of lexical information acquisition based on the observation of linguistic cues. It justifies that the uncertainty created by missing values, i.e. non-observed cues, can be handled by estimating its likelihood of being observable. Because of the Zipfian distribution of words, instead of estimating the likelihood f...

The principal claim of this paper is that a single parameter determines both whether a language permits productive root compounding, and whether the language permits syntactic complex predicates. The relevant parameter meets the classical (Chomsky 1981) criterion of having consequences across a sizable range of superficially disparate grammatical constructions, but is not reducible to the infor...