Forest trees demonstrate different distribution patterns, depend on their living condition (Such as pest infestations). Forest density and epidemic pest concentration are hypothetically among the most influential factors. The current study was carried out on distribution pattern of the orchard ermine (Yponomeuta padella) infested hawthorn trees (Crataegus monogyna) in Bazoft river watershed in ...

Background: Surgeons and anesthesiologists working in orthopedic operating theatres are exposed to significant noise pollution due to the use of powered instruments. This may carry a risk of noise-induced hearing loss. The present study was designed to quantify the noise pollution experienced by anesthesiologists at Imam Khomeini Hospital which is one of the largest Iranian hospitals. Methods:...

two groups of students were assigned as experimental and control ones, and were given instruction on directed reading-thinking activities and after some treatment, they were post-tested. although the initial pre-test did not show any significant differences, the final post-test result revealed that the cooperative reading comprehension helped the experimental group. the cooperative students’...

bserved by many teachers that most of the time, mumbling and searching for their intended words, students complain why they have forgotten the words they have learned in the previous semesters. they ask for some new ways that may help them to recall and apply the learned words more efficiently, since as they declare one of the most important skills in foreign language learning is having a g...

Background and Purpose: IV Acetaminophen (Propacetamol) is one the drugs which has recently been discussed in pain management. The purpose of this study, is the comparison of analgesic effect of Propacetamol and Tramadol in pain relief of renal colic patients. Materials and Methods: This double blinded randomized clinical trial was preformed on 80 patients who came to ED of Hazrat Rasool A...

the aim of conducting this study was to investigate the foreign language learning needs of undergraduate economics students and business management students in faculties of social sciences of alzahra and azad naragh university. in the study, which was designed on the basis of a qualitative-quantitative basis using interviews and questionnaires, 146 female undergraduate business management as we...

Sound travels very efficiently underwater, so the potential area impacted can be thousands of square kilometers or more. Anthropogenic activities such as commercial shipping, recreational activities, drilling, seismic exploration or energy production (hydroelectric power plants), have made underwater noise pollution an increasing and perhaps dominant factor in the aquatic environment. Nowadays,...