The visceral leishmaniasis (VL) has a wide geographic distribution, with 90% of its occurrence concentrated in six countries: Bangladesh, Brazil, Ethiopia, India, South Sudan and Sudan. Dogs are the main reservoir in the VL transmission, not only for their close relationship and/or coexistence with men, but also for their immunological inability in responding to the disease successfully. For th...

BACKGROUND Disseminated leishmaniasis is an emerging infectious disease, mostly due to L. braziliensis, which has clinical and histopathological features distinct from cutaneous leishmaniasis. METHODS In the current study we evaluated the in vitro production of the cytokines IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-5 and IL-10 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 15 disseminated leishmaniasis an...

BACKGROUND Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is one of the well-known polymers, which has been used in numerous biomedical applications because of its good biocompatibility. OBJECTIVES Due to problems made by the therapeutics already used for leishmaniasis, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of PVA containing artemether in treating cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice. MATERIALS AND M...

Leishmania amazonensis parasites are etiological agents of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the New World. BALB/c mice highly susceptible to L. challenge due their inability mount parasite-dependent IFN-γ-mediated responses. Here, we analyzed capacity a single administration LiΔHSP70-II genetically-modified attenuated infantum line preventing challenged with virulent parasites. In previous studies, t...

Background: It appears that chronic lupoid leishmaniasis is the result of type 2 predominant T helper response to parasite and a defect in the down regulation of IL-4 production during infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the underlying immune status in these patients and their predominant T helper activity we considered serum IgE as an indicator of TH2 activity and IL-4...

leishmaniasis is caused by parasitic protozoa of the genus leishmania. cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is a complex disease with wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. in order to identify leishmania species causing cl in isfahan by a definite molecular technique (pcr method), this study was undertaken over 2010- 2011. 124 patients with suspicious lesion of leishmaniasis and positive direct sme...

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is now an endemic disease in Sri Lanka. Many studies have focussed on various aspects of this disease but the knowledge, particularly on epidemiological and vector aspects is still poor and the awareness among the general public and even medical/paramedical personnel regarding this disease remains grossly inadequate. The steady increase in the numbers and spread of cutan...

Canine visceral leishmaniasis is a major public health problem that is endemic in tropical and sub tropical countries and is fatal in humans and dogs. In addition to symptomatic dogs, asymptomatic ones seem as source of Leishmania infantum infection. Thus surveillance and control programs of reservoir hosts are essential. This study aimed to evaluate the sero-prevalence of visceral leishmaniasi...

Canine visceral leishmaniasis has been denoted as neglected despite being a very well-known disease. Trace element alteration recognized in humans with and cutaneous leishmaniasis, together canine leishmaniasis. The trace elements occupy vital position the immunological system, host immune responses mitigate defense against We aimed to select total of 45 dogs several breeds; those at age 11 mon...

the leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease that remains a severe public health problem and its burden is increasing. by now there is no anti-leishmaniasis vaccine and as other tripanosomial disease, is treated by limited drugs. first line drug includes pentavalent antimony such as sodium stibogluconat and meglumine antimoniate that use of these drugs is limited due to side effects, long term treat...