A simple process is developed to curl graphene membranes through thermal annealing. The resulting curled graphene ribbons displayed enhanced photocurrent response compared to flat graphene ribbons. The annealing temperature, the thickness of the graphene, and the type of polymethyl methacrylate used were the three key factors that influenced the morphology of graphene during thermal annealing. ...

Formation of domain walls in ferroelectrics is not energetically favourable in low-dimensional systems. Instead, vortex-type structures are formed that are driven by depolarization fields occurring in such systems. Consequently, polarization vortices have only been experimentally found in systems in which these fields are deliberately maximized, that is, in films between insulating layers. As s...

An asymmetric force arising from grit and ice debris transfer gives rise to a model of curling stone trajectories that is compatible with observations. There are (almost) no free parameters in this model.

A recent study reveals that the intraerythrocytic asexual reproduction cycle of Plasmodium falciparum ends with the ruptured erythrocyte membrane curling outwards, buckling, everting and vesiculating. Analogy with the sequence seen during spontaneous inside-out vesiculation of erythrocyte membranes suggests that the parasite co-opts pre-existing cytoskeletal conformations to facilitate terminal...

black bean aphid is widely distributed in the world. it has several hosts from weeds and cultivated plants. this aphid passes the winter as egg on some permanent weeds, box tree and etc. young wingless hatches from the eggs in the spring and the winged aphids after appearance migrate to seed beet fields. after producing some generations, they fly to the various summer hosts such as bean, sugar ...

Auxin is one type of phytohormones that plays important roles in nearly all aspects of plant growth and developmental processes. The glycosylation of auxins is considered to be an essential mechanism to control the level of active auxins. Thus, the identification of auxin glycosyltransferases is of great significance for further understanding the auxin regulation. In this study, we biochemicall...