Stable posture and body movement in humans is dictated by the precise functioning of the ampulla organs in the semi-circular canals. Statistical analysis of the interrelationship between bony and membranous compartments within the semi-circular canals is dependent on the visualization of soft tissue structures. Thirty-one human inner ears were prepared, post-fixed with osmium tetroxide and deca...

Distraction osteogenesis is extensively used for the elongation of hypoplastic mandibles in children, yet the soft tissue profile response to this is not well understood. The pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalometric radiographs of 27 pediatric patients who underwent bilateral mandibular elongation using distraction osteogenesis were analyzed retrospectively to correlate horizontal soft tiss...

INTRODUCTION Benign musculoskeletal lipomatous lesions are common in both soft tissue and bone. Imaging features of benign lipomatous lesions are often pathognomonic. Ultrasound (US) has been used to examine both soft tissue and bone tumors, allowing targeted CT or MRI examination of the region of interest. CASE REPORT A 46-year-old female presented with a four year history of palpable mass l...

DIAGNOSTIC STANDARDS There is insufficient evidence to support diagnostic standards. GUIDELINES There is insufficient evidence to support diagnostic guidelines. OPTIONS A lateral cervical x-ray is recommended for the diagnosis of atlanto-occipital dislocation. If a radiological method for measurement is used, the basion-axial interval-basion-dental interval method is recommended. The pre...

Peritoneopericardial diaphragmatic hernia is one of the unusual developmental anomalies diaphragm in dogs and cats, which are presented without any specific signs. Presented dog was examined clinically, physically later subjected for chest radiograph echocardiography confirmation. Surgical repair carried out through a midline celiotomy closed by opposing margins two layer using simple continuou...

Automated percutaneous diskectomy has certain advantages over other surgical approaches to the treatment of far-lateral disk herniation; primarily, the procedure can be performed under local anesthesia without soft-tissue disruption. We describe four patients with far-lateral herniations who were successfully treated with the procedure.

Ingrown toenails are painful conditions that especially affect young people and may become chronic if not treated. We describe a case of chronically inflamed ingrown toenail left untreated for three years. In the physical examination, skin bridging and epithelialization was observed in midline secondary to soft tissue hypertrophy of the lateral nail matrixes. Epithelized fibrous tissue was cut ...

A 12-year-old child with no previous medical history was referred with a 4-day history of cough, shortness of breath, and peripheral blood eosinophilia. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a soft tissue infiltrating the left ventricular free wall, the lateral mitral annulus, and the mitral valve leaflets. A soft tissue strand connecting the lateral left atrial wall and mitral leaflets across ...