one of the most important task of the researchers after selection the research topic, is search for various sources and references for gathering data and information about the subject. undoubtedly this search has been more extensive and accurate, value and credibility. accordingly should be said that the number and variety of citation sources and credit is one of the criteria in evaluation acad...

We present and empirically compare a range of novel probabilistic finite-state transducer (PFST) models targeted at two major natural language string transduction tasks, transliteration selection and cognate translation selection. Evaluation is performed on 10 distinct language pair data sets, and in each case novel models consistently and substantially outperform a well-established standard re...

In order to address a lack of motivation to learn a second language, second/foreign language teachers must overcome a multitude of impediments in which to bring students to higher levels of language learning. Research on the integration of digital voice recording software into the language learning curriculum has focused primarily on the perceptions of veteran instructors and their students. Ho...