We develop a dynamic language competition model with dynamic state intervention. Parents choose the language(s) to raise their children based on the communicational value of each language as well as on their emotional attachment to the languages at hand. Languages are thus conceptualized as tools for communication as well as carriers of cultural identity. The model includes a high and a low sta...

In order to be autonomous, teachers should enjoy teaching and be satisfied with their teaching. Teacher autonomy, therefore, may be related to teacher burnout and job satisfaction. The present study investigated the relationship between job satisfaction, teacher burnout, and teacher autonomy. Two hundred and seven language teachers at language institutes in Karaj and Tehran were given three que...

Research in the field of minority languagemaintenance and loss regards the family as the central driving force in children’s language socialization within the context of both minority and majority languages. The present review of current literature focuses on the emerging field of family language policy and addresses the following three components: ideology, management and practice. The integra...

The paper presents ConSpec, an automata based policy specification language. The language trades off clean semantics to language expressiveness; a formal semantics for the language is provided as security automata. ConSpec specifications can be used at different stages of the application lifecycle, rendering possible the formalization of various policy enforcement techniques.

This paper shows how Policy-Driven Role-Based Access Control (PDRBAC) techniques can be used to extend the Common Data Security Architecture (CDSA). The extensions provide constraint-based access control and are implemented using a flexible policy description language and a new trust policy enforcement mechanism. The expressiveness of the policy description language is demonstrated by examples ...

While traditional network security policies have been enforced by manual configuration of individual network components such as router ACLs, firewalls, NATs and VLANs, emerging enterprise network designs and products support global policies declared over high level abstractions [2, 1, 14, 13]. We further the evolution of simpler and more powerful network security mechanisms by designing, implem...

Policies are a well-known approach to protecting security and privacy of users as well as for flexible trust management in distributed environments. In the last years a number of policy languages were proposed to address different application scenarios. In order to help both developers and users in choosing the language best suiting her needs, policy language comparisons were proposed in the li...

Network node functions, such as QoS or the security functions of routers, are becoming increasingly complex, so programs, not only configuration parameters, are required to control network nodes. In a policy-based network, a policy is defined at a policy server as a set of rules that deployed at network nodes where it must be translated into an executable program or parameters. Thus, a policy m...

The K framework, based on rewriting logic semantics, provides a powerful logic for defining the semantics of programming languages. While most work in this area has focused on defining an evaluation semantics for a language, it is also possible to define an abstract semantics that can be used for program analysis. Using the SILF language (Hills, Serbanuta and Rosu, 2007), this paper describes o...