INTRODUCTION Human resource crises in developing countries have been identified as a critical aspect of poor quality and low accessibility in health care. Worker motivation is an important facet of this issue. Specifically, motivation among physicians, who are an important bridge between health systems and patients, should be considered. This study aimed to identify the determinants of job moti...

OBJECTIVE To know extent of iodine deficiency (ID), role of thyroid enlargement (goiter) as marker of ID and current status of iodized salt intake in pregnant women of Lahore. METHODS A cross sectional study was carried out at Institute of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, during March 2002 to September 2005. Pregnant women (n = 254) during first trimester attending antenatal clinic partic...

background : cockroaches are found as the most common urban pests of tropical countries, prompting economic and serious health risk problem for humans by carrying microbes and allergens, acting as vector for various patho­gens of diseases. the present study was conducted from april 2013 to march 2014 in various human dwelling local­ities of urban area of district lahore, pakistan. methods : coc...

metals bioaccumulation in five organs of cirrhinus  mrigala , labeo  rohita and catla catla captured from three industrial and sewage polluted downstream sites (shahdera = b, sunder = c and balloki = d) were compared with a non-industrial upstream site (siphon = a) during high (post monsoon) and low (winter) flow seasons of river ravi. mean concentrations of metals were significantly higher in ...

1Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Science, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China 2Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Gaziosmanpasa, 60100 Tokat, Turkey 3Faculty of Mathematics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 700506 Iasi, Romania 4College of Information Technology, University of the Punjab, Old Campus, Lahore 54000,...

A neurosurgeon working in a developed Western Country rarely encounters hydatid disease in his field of practice. Eight such cases were operated at Lahore-Neurosurgical Centre between December 1976 and December 1978. The need for establishing precise pre-operative etiological diagnosis is emphasized to avoid rupture and seeding at the time of operation.