The larval body shapes and oral discs of 30 frog species from the family Megophryidae from China were examined. Using a phylogenetic framework derived from a Bayesian analysis of published mitochondrial cytochrome b and 16S rRNA gene sequences, we deduced a pattern of historical change among megophryid larval forms. These larvae were categorized into four types according to their body shapes an...

JEADV 2006, 20, 1328–1399 © 2006 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 1391 Upper lip and eyelid oedema usually appear at about the same time, and in more than 80% of cases the condition manifests itself before the age of 20. Even though euthyroid or non-toxic goiter is considered an important clinical finding of the syndrome, it is thought to be present in less than 10% of cases and ...

Objective: The aim of present study was to investigate the difference of torque control during intrusion force in incisors with normal, under and over-torque in lingual and labial orthodontic systems through finite element analysis. Material and Methods: 3D models of an upper right central incisor with different torques were designed in Solid Works 2006.The models were transferred to the ANSYS ...

The Drosophila endoderm is patterned by the signals Decapentaplegic and Wingless secreted from the visceral mesoderm. This induction culminates in a precise pattern of spatially restricted expression of labial, a selector gene with a role in cell type specification in the larval midgut. Here, we show that Decapentaplegic signalling induces elevated expression of the Drosophila AP-1 transcriptio...

Overzealous resection of the labia minorum is a significant complication of labioplasty. Knowledge and understanding of reconstructive plastic surgical principles are required to manage such challenging complications. We report a case of iatrogenic labial asymmetry that was reconstructed with a cross-labial flap.

Glands are specialized in the storage and emission of their secretions. The exocrine glands of termites may be epidermal structures or differentiated organs connected to the bucal cavity or to the reproductive apparatus. They have an ectodermal origin, and the most important glands are multicellular. Epidermal glands are widely spread throughout the whole body of the termite and are generally c...

Objective—To assess the expression of ICAM1, VCAM1, E-selectin, CD44, and TNF á in labial salivary glands of patients with rheumatoid vasculitis. Methods—Labial salivary glands from six patients with rheumatoid vasculitis before and after treatment, six aged matched rheumatoid arthritis patients without clinical evidence of rheumatoid vasculitis, 10 patients with primary Sjögren syndrome, 10 pa...