Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract The Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) suite of protocols has been defined to control different switching technologies as well as different applications. These include support for requesting TDM connections including Synchron...

All-Optical Label Switching (AOLS) is a new technology that performs forwarding without any Optical-Electrical-Optical conversions. The most promising scheme to manage the control plane of these optical networks is Generic MultiProtocol Label Switching (GMPLS). In this paper, we study the problem of routing a set of requests in GMPLS networks with the aim of minimizing the number of labels requ...

Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract The Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) suite of protocols has been defined to control different switching technologies as well as different applications. These include support for requesting Time Div...

Generalized Multi-Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) is currently under standardization. It basically reuses the MPLS control plane (IP routing and signaling) for various technologies such as fiber switching, DWDM, SONET, and packet MPLS. Since GMPLS runs in core networks, fault management is of major concern. However, fast fault recovery and backup capacity assignments are very expensive and not...

Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract For scalability purposes, a network may comprise multiple Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) areas. An inter-area Traffic Engineered Label Switched Path (TE-LSP) is an LSP that transits through at least two IGP areas. ...

Status of This Memo This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document presents a functio...

This paper proposes the hierarchical cloud-router network (HCRN) to solve the problem of overcoming the scalability limit in a multi-layer generalized multi-protocol label switching (GMPLS) network. We define a group of nodes as a virtual node, called cloud-router (CR). A CR consists of some number of nodes or lower-level CRs. A CR is modeled as a multiple switching capability (SC) node when it...

Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract The Generalized MPLS (GMPLS) suite of protocols has been defined to control different switching technologies as well as different applications. These include support for requesting TDM connections including Synchron...

Traffic requirements on the Internet have changed from reliability to timeliness of delivery as different types of applications are being deployed on it. This situation has prompted the industry and IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) to develop new protocols and techniques to meet the challenges. One of the important protocols developed is MPLS (Multi Protocol Label Switching) that allows n...

Label switching, which in IP networks is exemplified by MPLS and its extensions MPLambdaS and GMPLS, appears as one of the best alternatives to offer a reliable and flexible control plane for WDM networks, since it allows the integration of the IP Protocol with WDM technology, when lambdas are associated with labels, implements powerful traffic-engineering mechanisms, and provides several alter...