Abstract Background and Aims There is increasing evidence about the alloreactivity of natural killer (NK) cells after kidney transplantation. The inhibition activation cycles NK are mainly regulated by cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) which may have extensive allelic polymorphisms within population. In this study, we examined KIR genes/genotypes in transplant recipients healthy subject...

Variegated expression of inhibitory killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) for MHC class I molecules helps NK cells distinguish normal from aberrant self and avoid autoreactivity. Prior studies of KIR promoters have produced conflicting results and no cis-acting sites have been independently confirmed. We took a comprehensive linker-scanning mutagenesis approach and substituted 24 consecutive 10-...

Natural killer (NK) cells have a potential role in immune surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Self-recognition of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) through killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) confers competence to NK cells-a process termed "licensing." We investigated the effect of NK-cell licensing on the susceptibility of patients to HCC recurrence. A total of 170 Japanese pat...

Samples of synthetic NaCl crystals have been exposed to doses of electron irradiation up to 10−2 TGy (1 Trad) at about 100 ◦C, and studied subsequently at T = 95 K by means of synchrotron radiation (SR). In addition to the earlier established Kurdjumov–Sachs orientation relationship (K–S OR) for Na precipitates, the following OR is revealed between solid chlorine and the host NaCl crystal syste...