Purpose: NK cells exhibit cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma. Gene polymorphisms governingNKcell function, therefore,may influence prognosis. Twohighly polymorphic genetic loci instrumental in determining NK cell responses encode the NK cell killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and their class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligands. We hypothesized that patients with a “missing ligand” K...

Natural killer (NK) cells serve essential functions in immunity and reproduction. Diversifying these functions within individuals and populations are rapidly-evolving interactions between highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I ligands and variable NK cell receptors. Specific to simian primates is the family of Killer cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR), which rec...

PURPOSE Leukemias with MLL gene rearrangement are associated with a poor prognosis. Natural killer (NK) cell therapy is a potential treatment, but leukemia cells may be resistant. Here, we sought to determine the susceptibility of MLL-rearranged leukemia cells to NK cell lysis and to develop a novel immunotherapeutic approach to optimize NK cell therapy, including the use of an antibody against...

Although very few CD4(+) T cells express killer Ig receptors (KIR), a large proportion of CD4(+) T cells with a late memory phenotype, characterized by the absence of CD28, does express KIR. Here, we show that KIR expression on CD4(+) T cells is also associated with memory T cell function, by showing that the frequency of CMV-specific cells is higher in CD4(+)KIR(+) than CD4(+)KIR(-) T cells. I...

background: interaction between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (kir) and human leukocyte antigen (hla) class i molecules is important for regulation of natural killer (nk) cell function. objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of compound kir-hla genotype on susceptibility to acute leukemia. methods: cohorts of iranian patients with acute myeloid leukemia (aml;...

Killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) are MHC class I-specific receptors expressed in NK and T lymphocytes. KIR antagonism of activation signals occurs at the immune synapse between the effector and target cells. The processes that regulate clustering of KIR are not well defined. We have expressed KIR-GFP receptor chimeras in two human NK-like lines, YTS and NK92. In this study, we show that the...

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) causes over 800,000 deaths worldwide annually, mainly in low income countries, and incidence is rising rapidly in the developed world with the spread of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses. Natural Killer (NK) cells protect against viral infections and tumours by killing abnormal cells recognised by Killer-cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptors (KIR). Thu...

Response to immunocytokine (IC) therapy is dependent on natural killer cells in murine neuroblastoma (NBL) models. Furthermore, killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)/KIR-ligand mismatch is associated with improved outcome to autologous stem cell transplant for NBL. Additionally, clinical antitumor response to monoclonal antibodies has been associated with specific polymorphic-FcgR alleles. ...

Introduction The activation of natural killer cells (NK) by their KIR (killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor) is a potent defense system tumor cells. In this thesis we want to investigate the profile 16 inhibiting and activating KIRs in bloodserum patients with head neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Furthermore, calculate correlation between KIR-status overall survival (OS) HNSCC-patients.

Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) are membrane proteins expressed by natural killer cells and CD8 lymphocytes. The KIR system consists of 17 genes and 614 alleles, some of which bind human leukocyte antigens (HLA). Both KIR and HLA modulate susceptibility to haematological malignancies, viral infections and autoimmune diseases. Molecular epidemiology studies employ traditional sta...