the kinetics and mechanism of the reaction between benzaldehyde 1, malononitrile 2 and dimedone 3 in a mixture of ethanol and water as solvents in the presence of fructose as a biodegradable catalyst has been studied by the spectroscopic method (uv-vis spectrophotometry method). the influence of various parameters (temperature, solvent and concentration) was studied on the reaction by means of ...

1 The BGK model 3 1.1 Basic Model Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2 Hydrodynamic limit of the BGKW Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.3 BGKW Model Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.3.1 Normal shock profiles in a hard sphere gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.3.2 1-D heat flow in a rarefied hard sphere gas . ...

−− Pectins are polysaccharides that act as a cellular binder in the peel of many different fruits and vegetables. An important feature of pectins is the esterification of the galacturonic acid residues with methanol. The degree of methylation is defined as the number of moles of methanol per 100 moles of galacturonic acid. The objective of the present work was to study the acid demethylation of...

A microscopic kinetic model for the alpha <==> beta [e.g., hex <==> 1x1 for Pt(100) and 1x2 <==> 1x1 for Pt(110)] surface reconstruction is investigated by means of the mean field approximation and Monte Carlo simulations. It considers homogeneous phase nucleation that induces small surface phase defects. These defects can grow or decline via phase border propagation in dependence on the chemic...

in this study, the potential of biosorbent obtained from silk maze, was investigated for the batch biosorption of direct red 81 (dr 81) in aqueous solution. the effects of temperature, biosorbent amount, contact time, initial dye concentration and ultrasonic irradiation were also evaluated. furthermore, experimental equilibrium and kinetics data were fitted by langmuir and freundlich isotherms ...