Ribose 1-phosphate, phosphate, and acyclovir diphosphate quenched the fluorescence of purine nucleoside phosphorylase at pH 7.1 and 25 degrees C. The fluorescence of enzyme-bound guanine was similar to that of anionic guanine in ethanol. Guanine and ribose 1-phosphate bound to free enzyme, whereas inosine and guanosine were not bound to free enzyme in the absence of phosphate. Thus, synthesis p...

The mechanism of regulation of actin-subfragment 1 nucleoside triphosphatase is described in terms of the rate and equilibrium constants of a relatively simple kinetic scheme: (Formula: see text) where T, D, and Pi are nucleoside triphosphate, nucleoside diphosphate, and inorganic phosphate, respectively; Ka, Kb, and Kc are association constants; the ki are first-order rate constants; A is regu...

Two overlapping promoters compete for RNA polymerase in the region that controls the expression of the galactose operon in Escherichia coli. Kinetics of open complex formation at P1 and P2 can be followed through the rate of formation of two specific abortive transcripts. The corresponding forward kinetic constants appear to be identical over a wide range of enzyme concentrations and temperatur...

The reaction kinetics of the hydrolysis, phosphatolysis, glutathionyl conjugation, and alpha-glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-catalyzed glutathione conjugation of [3H-ring]melphalan were investigated at pH 6.5 and 7.4. The distribution of products relative to the initial parent compound radioactivity over time was measured by HPLC and analyzed by nonlinear regression techniques using a system of...

Ab initio calculations at the G3 level were used in a theoretical description of the kinetics and mechanism of the chlorine abstraction reactions from mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-chloromethane by chlorine atoms. The calculated profiles of the potential energy surface of the reaction systems show that the mechanism of the studied reactions is complex and the Cl-abstraction proceeds via the format...

Deterministic identifiability analyses via similarity transformation are presented for two kinetic models of a reversible intermolecular two-state excited-state process in isotropic environments: (a) with coupled species-dependent rotational diffusion described by Brownian reorientation, and (b) with added quencher. For (a), both spherically and cylindrically symmetric rotors, with no change in...

The best parameters for incorporation into mechanistic physiologically based pharmacokinetic models for transporters are system-independent kinetic parameters and active (not total) transporter levels. Previously, we determined the elementary rate constants for P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated transport (on- and off-rate constants from membrane to P-gp binding pocket and efflux rate constant into...