Rock mass conditions are extremely sensitive to tunnel boring machine (TBM) tunneling. Therefore, establishing a surrounding rock excavatability (SRE) classification system applicable TBM tunnels. Accurately and intelligently identifying grades can also facilitate efficient tunneling intelligent construction. Specific excavation penetration rates were used evaluate SRE. Their correlations with ...

Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Tomography (TDLAT) is a non-intrusive measurement technique for determining two-dimensional spatially resolved distributions of temperature and species concentration in high enthalpy flows. TDLAT combines infrared laser absorption spectroscopy with tomographic image reconstruction. The TDLAT technique has been implemented at the University of Virginia's Aerospace ...

Qingtu Lake is located between Tengger Desert and Badain Jilin Desert, Gansu Province, Northwest China. It the terminal lake of Shiyang River. In recent years, has maintained a certain area water surface vegetation by artificial conveyance. great significance in preventing convergence two deserts restraining trend ecological deterioration River Basin. The relationship conveyance have not been t...

One of the most important issues in water supply for agriculture or drinking is sediment control.Sedimentation in water conveyance channels reduces transmission efficiency. this study evaluated theefficiency of settling basin of Kamandan intake that is located in the village of Aligoodarz in Lorestanprovince. At first sample from water and sediment in inlet and outlet of settling basin in diffe...

Planning for supply water demands (drinkable and irrigation water demands) is a necessary problem. For this purpose, three subjects must be considered (optimization of water supply systems such as volume of reservoir dams, optimization of released water from reservoir and prediction of next droughts). For optimization of volume of reservoir dams, yield model is applied. Reliability of yield mod...

energy-based optimized design of polymer fiber-reinforced tunnel lining mohammad safi                   analysis of underwater tunnels considering strain-softening behavior in plastic zone ahmad fahimifar; hamed ghadami; masoud ahmadvand; arvin abdolmaleki                                 the effect of operational parameters on penetration rate of a tbm using artificial neural networks- a case s...

Canal lining is customarily used to raise water-use effectiveness and reduce seepage loss. The major water losses in an irrigation channel are due leakage evaporation. Egyptian General Integrated Management for Water Resources Irrigation introduced a proposal the Al-Hagar canal based on these losses. This study investigates effect of flow characteristics, compares before after introducing linin...

The study was carried out to determine the prevalence and pattern of antimicrobial resistance of Shigella species among patients with acute diarrhoea in Karaj, Tehran, Iran. The study included all acute diarrhoea patients who visited the hospitals and treatment centres of Karaj during November 2001-October 2002. Of 734 stool samples collected from patients with acute diarrhoea and analyzed for ...

insects with over 30,000 aquatic species are known as very successful arthropods in freshwater habitats. some of them are applied as biological indicators for water quality control, as well as the main food supply for fishes and amphibians. the faunistic studies are the basic step in entomological researches; the current study was carried out emphasizing on the fauna of aquatic insects in karaj...