Impinging jets have received considerable attention during the last decade. The reason is mainly due to their inherent characteristics of high rates of heat transfer besides having simple geometry. Thus most practical applications of jet impingement occur in industries where the heat transfer requirements have exceeded capacity of ordinary heating and cooling techniques. This work presents and ...

BACKGROUND It is known that respiration modulates cavopulmonary flows, but little data compare mean flows under breath-holding and free-breathing conditions to isolate the respiratory effects and effects of exercise on the respiratory modulation. METHODS Real-time phase-contrast magnetic resonance combined with a novel method to track respiration on the same image acquisition was used to inve...

Using three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and isometric handgrip exercise (IHE), we investigated the determinants of exercise-induced mitral regurgitation (MR) according to MR etiologies. Seventy-six patients with more than moderate MR, 40 functional (FMR) 36 degenerative (DMR), underwent 3D TEE combined IHE. Mitral valve (MV) geometry vena contracta area (3D VCA) were...

An interaction of plasma flow with an arc-anode attachment in a dc arc plasma torch was investigated. Statistical processing of the photographic images of plasma jet was used for analysis of an effect of the anode attachment on structure and stability of plasma flow. Deflection, flattening and flutter of the plasma jet was found to be caused by disturbing effect of the arc-anode attachment.

In this study, the missile staging process by implementing a side-injected jet is simulated numerically. The problem is considered to be axisymmetric and the thin shear layer approximation of Navier-Stokes equations along with an algebraic turbulence model is used in a quasi-static form for the calculations. The free stream corresponds to a very high altitude flight condition with a Mach number...

In this paper, the acoustic excitation effects on the flow characteristics of a laminar jet inside an air-filled cylindrical tube have been presented and discussed. It is observed that the acoustic excitation has a strong effect on the jet velocity and its flow structure. Under excitation, the velocity is observed to increase more than seven times. Comparisons and investigations of the velocity...

Research in convective heat transfer using suspensions of nanometer-sized solid particles in base liquids started only over the past decade. Recent investigations on nanofluid, as such suspensions are often called, indicate that the suspended nanoparticles remarkably change the transport properties and heat transfer characteristics of the suspension. Bending walls can also improve heat transfer...

Downfall flows from different outlet hydraulic structures such as culverts and jetsthrowingtothe erodible downstream bed cause scour hole and changes in the downstream bed topography. Therefore,by performing some physical modeling tests on culvert jet flow under different angles, changes in the downstream bed topography under the effect of different parameters such as flow rate, depth of the ta...