this manuscript reviews the present knowledge related to folliculogenesis in sheep.folliculogenesis starts with formation of primordial follicles before birth, present as a pool containing a certain number of follicles. by the attainment of puberty, a group of follicles from that pool starts to grow, a process known as primordial follicle activation or recruitment. the number of growing primord...

Background: Although the chemotherapeutic agents have been known for their cytotoxic effects on normal mammalian cells, these compounds are used widely for controlling the carcinogenic cells proliferation. Cyclophosphamide (CP), a well-known nitrogen mustard alkylating agent is used for autoimmune disorders and tumors treatment. Considering the inhibitory effect of CP on cell division, the ovar...

Diverse therapies for the management of anastomotic leakage after esophageal atresia repair have been reported with various outcomes. The surgical management of anastomotic leakage after esophageal atresia repair can be challenging. We present a child with long-gap esophageal atresia and anastomotic leakage repair with pericardium. This article aimed to illustrate that pericardium may be a subs...

In a rare case of common atrioventricular canal mimicking tricuspid atresia the clinical, radiographic, electrocardiographic, and M mode echocardiographic features were indistinguishable from those of classic tricuspid atresia. The cross sectional echocardiographic appearance and right atrial cineangiographic features were distinctive, however, and can be used to discriminate between this anoma...

Rectal atresia (RA) with a normal anus is a rare anomaly. We describe a case of rectal atresia in a newborn male presenting with an abdominal distension and failure of passing meconium. The rectal atresia was primarily operated by transanal route.

Objective. To illustrate the role of multislice computed tomography and local contrast instillation in the diagnosis and characterization of choanal atresia. To review the common associated radiological findings. Methods. We analyzed 9 pediatric patients (5 males and 4 females) with suspected choanal atresia by multislice computed tomography. We recorded the type of atresia plate and other cong...

Unilateral atresia is an extremely uncommon congenital disorder in monozygotic twins. We present the first case in the literature of premature, monozygotic twins with no other congenital genetic defects other than only one twin with unilateral choanal atresia on the right side, being the other sibling completely normal. Diagnostic examinations performed to both twins consisted of nasal endoscop...