There have been different approaches which have been proposed to understand the mechanism of traffic congestion propagation. In this paper, we use the cell transmission model and apply it to simulate the formation and dissipation of traffic jams at the microscopic level. In particular, our model focuses on jam propagation and dissipation in two-way rectangular grid networks. In the model, the d...

Severe tissue trauma-induced systemic inflammation is often accompanied by evident or occult blood-organ barrier dysfunctions, frequently leading to multiple organ dysfunction. However, it is unknown whether specific barrier molecules are shed into the circulation early after trauma as potential indicators of an initial barrier dysfunction. The release of the barrier molecule junctional adhesio...

Cell-cell adhesion plays a critical role in the formation of barrier-forming epithelia. The molecules which mediate cell-cell adhesion frequently act as signaling molecules by recruiting and/or assembling cytoplasmic protein complexes. Junctional Adhesion Molecule (JAM)-A interacts with the cell polarity protein PAR-3, a member of the PAR-3-aPKC-PAR-6 complex, which regulates the formation of c...

OBJECTIVE The junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-A on endothelium contributes to the inflammatory recruitment of mononuclear cells involving engagement of its integrin receptor lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1. It is unknown whether these functions can be inhibited by soluble forms of JAM-A, whether JAM-A is expressed on atherosclerotic endothelium, and whether it participates in ...

Most cell junction proteins increase endothelial cell–cell adhesion. But junction adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C), despite its sticky name, loosens vascular endothelial cell connections, thus allowing increased blood vessel permeability. Increasing the permeability of small blood vessels is essential for new vessels to form and for leukocytes to escape the circulation and enter surrounding tissues ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) on adhesion and differentiation of human CD34(+) cells into endothelial progenitor cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Tissue healing and vascular regeneration is a multistep process requiring firm adhesion of circulating progenitor cells to the vascular wall and their further differentiation into endothelial cells. The role o...

The measurement of (86)Rb turnover recently has been suggested as a useful method for measuring field metabolic rate in small animals. We investigated a proposed mechanism of (86)Rb turnover, its analogy to K(+), by comparing the turnover of (86)Rb in a model insect, the rhinoceros beetle Xylotrupes gideon, fed a diet of plum jam or plum jam enriched with K(+) or Rb(+). The turnover of (86)Rb i...

A model is developed for simulating changes in river bed morphology as a result of bed scouring during the release of an ice jam. The model couples a non-hydrostatic hydrodynamic model with the processes of erosion and deposition through a grid expansion technique. The actual movement of bed load is implemented by reconstructing the river bed in piecewise linear elements in order to bypass the ...