Does response selection select words or letters in skilled typewriting? Typing performance involves hierarchically organized control processes: an outer loop that controls word level processing, and an inner loop that controls letter (or keystroke) level processing. The present study addressed whether response selection occurs in the outer loop or the inner loop by using the psychological refra...

We characterize the structure of the periods of a neuronal recurrence equation. Firstly, we give a characterization of k-chains in 0-1 periodic sequences. Secondly, we characterize the periods of all cycles of some neuronal recurrence equation. Thirdly, we explain how these results can be used to deduce the existence of the generalized period-halving bifurcation.

We obtain quantitative estimates of unique continuation for solutions to parabolic equations: doubling properties and two-sphere one-cylinder inequalities.

The mechanism underlying the reaction time (RT2) slowing to the 2nd of 2 successively presented stimuli (S1 and S2) in the psychological refractory period paradigm was investigated. Stimulus onset synchrony (SOA) between S1 and S2, contrast of S2, and Task 2 set-level compatibility was manipulated. Specifically, the authors used a psychophysiological approach to examine RT2 slowing in trials in...

Semantic ambiguity can occur either as a consequence of ambiguity between unrelated meanings (e.g. bank) or ambiguity between related senses (e.g. hook). Early research did not distinguish between the two, finding that ambiguous words were recognized faster than unambiguous words. More recently it has been shown that words with many meanings suffer from a disadvantage in terms of recognition ti...

Mitochondria are major suppliers of cellular energy through nutrients oxidation. Little is known about the mechanisms that enable mitochondria to cope with changes in nutrient supply and energy demand that naturally occur throughout the day. To address this question, we applied MS-based quantitative proteomics on isolated mitochondria from mice killed throughout the day and identified extensive...

This study investigates on a quantitative basis two strategies that can be used to increase the legibility distance of retroreflective traffic signs with negative luminance contrast legend or symbols at night. The first strategy involves the increase of the letter, numeral, or symbol size associated with a corresponding increase in the stroke width (representing the visual detail) and with an i...

People simply cannot do two things at once, as shown by research on the so-called psychological refractory period. A new neuroimaging study has now localized the response-selection bottleneck underlying the psychological refractory period to a frontoparietal network.

Let T : [0, 1] → [0, 1] be the doubling map and let 0 < a < b < 1. We say that an integer n ≥ 3 is bad for (a, b) if all n-cycles for T intersect (a, b). Let B(a, b) denote the set of all n which are bad for (a, b). In this paper we completely describe the sets: D2 = {(a, b) : B(a, b) is finite} and D3 = {(a, b) : B(a, b) = ∅}. In particular, we show that if b − a < 1 6 , then (a, b) ∈ D2, and ...

It is shown that next-nearest-neighbor interactions may lead to unusual paramagnetic or ferromagnetic phases which physical content is radically different from the standard phases. Actually there are several particles described by the same quantum field in a manner similar to the species doubling of the lattice fermions. We prove the renormalizability of the theory at the one loop level.