نتایج جستجو برای: j corsi 2005 decentralization and poverty reduction
تعداد نتایج: 16931272 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Smallholder farming in less-favored areas (LFAs) is simultaneously constrained by agro-ecological, economic, and institutional factors that keep households “trapped” in vicious circles of chronic poverty and resource degradation. Common strategies to address rural poverty by increasing returns to agricultural production are likely to fail, since the opportunities for investments in improved res...
The storage and processing of spatial information is done by spatial working memory. To measure spatial working memory, the Corsi blocks task, which separates the memory into two types, forward and backward, is often used. Although it had been thought that backward recall requires more of the executive function than forward recall, some studies have shown otherwise. Here, we focused on the spat...
as long as the government in the concept of urban management plays the role of “direct provider” instead of “facilitator” to improve the life’s welfare level and provide a situation for poor societies and particularly informal settlements, its sole result is the increase in the number of open mouths that their dependence on government enlarges per day. therefore the investigation of different g...
for more than three decades healthcare decentralization has been promoted in developing countries as a way of improving the financing and delivery of public healthcare. decision autonomy under healthcare decentralization would determine the role and scope of responsibility of local authorities. jalal mohammed, nicola north, and toni ashton analyze decision autonomy within decentralized services...
Introduction: decentralization is known an improve process and Promotion of health system and Inevitable part of wide reforms to promote equity, efficiency, quality, Economic justification. Administrative assignment is a method for Decentralization of government. The aim of this study was Comparison of Efficiency and Effectiveness of Karaj Shahid Rajaie Hospital before and after decentralizatio...
In recent years, the economists have been deliberately thinking about the idea of fiscal decentralization, i.e. transfer of decision-making authority from central government to local institutes (in proportion to composition of expenditures and revenues). A good number of researches were conducted to know its effect on economic variables such as economic growth. Great strides were made in Iran t...
today, scouring is one of the important topics in the river and coastal engineering so that the most destruction in the bridges is occurred due to this phenomenon. whereas the bridges are assumed as the most important connecting structures in the communications roads in the country and their importance is doubled while floodwater, thus exact design and maintenance thereof is very crucial. f...
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