BACKGROUND Administrative databases provide efficient methods to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against severe outcomes in the elderly but are prone to intractable bias. This study returns to one of the linked population databases by which IVE against hospitalization and death in the elderly was first assessed. We explore IVE across six more recent influenza seasons, including p...

Con el objetivo de evaluar la calidad morfológica plántulas moringa producidas en sustratos compuestos por suelo textura areno francosa y estiércol seco tamizado bovino, ovino, porcino, equino, cunícola, pollinaza gallinaza, mezclados proporción 2:1 (v/v), respectivamente, previamente caracterizados física químicamente; se condujo un experimento casa cultivo, diseño bloques al azar con siete tr...

Aims: Acoustic startle response in rats is used to model sensorimotor reactivity. The aim of the study was to determine whether acoustic startle response in alcohol-na"ive rats predicts subsequent increased voluntary alcohol drinking or alcohol preference. Methods: Startle responses to 90, 95 and 100 decibel (dB) white noise stimuli presented in counterbalanced semi-randomized order were tested...

We present a model of na tu ra l language use meant to encompass the language-spec i f ic aspects of understanding and p roduc t ion . The model is motivated by the pervasiveness of non-generat ive language, by the d e s i r a b i l i t y of a language analyzer ana a language product ion mechanism to share t h e i r knowledge, and the advantages of knowledge engineer ing features such as ease o...

Elec t rochemical responses f rom the reduct ion of Ru m (edta) coordinated to films of high molecular weight poly (4 -v iny lpyr id ine ) on pyro ly t ic g raphi te e lectrodes were s tudied as functions of film thickness, t empera tu re , suppor t ing e lec t ro ly te composition, and solvent. Responses at f i lmed electrodes f rom meta l complexes tha t do not coordinate to the films were al...

Where the ro le o f so f twarein tens ive sys tems has sh i f ted f rom the t rad i t iona l one o f fu l f i l l ing i so lated computat iona l t a sks , l a rger co l l aborat ive soc ie t ie s wi th interac t ion as pr imary resource, i s g radua l ly t ak ing i t s p lace. Thi s can be obser ved in anyth ing f rom log i s t i cs to rescue operat ions and resource management , numerous ser v...

Tool support for the Java Modeling Language (JML) is a very pressing problem. A main issue with current tools is their architecture: the cost of keeping up with the evolution of Java is prohibitively high: e.g., Java 5 has yet to be fully supported. This paper presents JML4, our proposal for an Integrated Verification Environment (IVE) for JML that builds upon Eclipse’s support for Java, enhanc...